It should be said that the Ntc 5D-11 is not a measuring thermistor.
It is designed to protect power supplies from inrush current.
You will not see any change in your circuit in series with a 10k resistor.
You need a 1-10KOhm thermistor or LM35 temperature sensor.
To use a thermistor to measure temperature, you would normally use a resistor of about the same value as the thermistor itself. In this case that would be 5 ohms. With a total resistance of only around 10 ohms, about 0.5A would flow. You would need an external PSU because usb could not provide this and power an Arduino. It would also be very wasteful of power and forget using this in a battery circuit. The high current would also cause heating in the thermistor, causing an incorrect reading. This is why, as mentioned above, this type of thermistor is not used to measure temperature.
If you want to measure temperature, get a ds18b20. Much easier to use.
By the way, it makes more sense (simpler wiring and less susceptibility to interference) to have the thermistor between pin and ground and the 10k pull-up going to 5 V.