output of arduino uno on dso

The OP's code

#include "math.h"

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:
Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
  for(double i= -1.0; i<=1.0; i=i+1.0)
    {
     
      Serial.println(sin(i));
      delay(10);
    
        for(double i=1.0; i>=-1.0;i=i-0.1);
          { 
            Serial.println(sin(i));
            delay(10);
            }  
}}

A DSO measures a varying voltage and displays it on its screen.

An Arduino cannot produce a varying voltage directly. It's I/O pins are either at 0v or at 5v.

You could program an Arduino to vary the duty cycle of a PWM output (analogWrite() ) in a sinusoidal pattern and feed that into an averaging circuit to get an average voltage for input to the DSO - but I'm afraid the design of the averaging circuit is beyond my pay grade.

...R