Parallax Gyroscope

http://learn.parallax.com/KickStart/27911

So here is the code and all the hookup information.

What I'm trying to understand is the absolute basics behind how this works and how to get values for the 3 different axis's.

I cant really figure much out form the code, and most online tutorials dont help explain it very well either, and especially for this board.

Questions
-What do the different labels for the pins mean?
-Connecting the SCL and SDA pins to analog input tells you what information?
-How is this information converted to get a value for each axis?

At risk of being entirely blown off, yes, im new to this, however, I learn quickly if i can understand the basic concept behind something and the math behind it. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

Ideally, what I'd like is to be able to get a value for each axis in as few lines as possible, or in other words, the bare basic coding/math.

I you go to the "Arduino Uno" part on that page, it shows how to connect and an example program.

For the pins, see the datasheet of the sensor: http://www.st.com/internet/analog/product/250373.jsp

The I2C-bus is a serial digital bus with two wires : SDA and SCL.
The Arduino Uno has the SDA on analog pin A4 and SCL on analog pin A5. Those pins are not only analog pins, but also digital pins, and also SDA and SCL for the I2C-bus.