The question makes no sense from an electronics standpoint. There is no basis for asking the question. If you understood any thing about electronics you wouldn’t be asking the question.
If you want an answer that makes sense , you have to start by asking acquestion that makes sense.
(ie: take the device apart and pick a spesufic component, photograph it and post the photo.)
Unless your budget is miniscule, harvesting parts is more trouble than it’s worth when you cobsider eBay prices. If it is a training exercise then it would make sense because once you gainnthe experience & knowledge you seek you can throw away the parts used to obtain it as they have served their purpose. When I started teaching myself electronics 40 years ago , I built so many circuits that I had to dispose of most of them for lack of storage space. I used 100 op amps in about 10 years, but since I got $4 oo amps (1980 dollars) for $0.25/each, it didn’t cost much.
To put this into the proper perspective, tgere is no such thing as ‘arduino parts’. An Arduino is simply an ATMega328 with a communications processor
on a PCB with a bunch of connectors and leds.
You can breadboard one with an ATMega328 with Optoboot Bootliader and an FTDI circuit.
Other than the Atmel chip, there’s nothing ‘Arduino’ about anything else in the circuit.
Does it use ‘Arduino Volts’ or ‘regular’ volts ?
Does that question make sense ?
One thing that can be said is that the device in the photo has a composite video connectior and an Arduino is too slow for most video applications.