Percent Problems

Hello everyone,

I have a problem that I would think would be simple but for some reason it is giving me a hard time.

I need to take a value and multiply it by .75 (75% of value), .50 (50% of value), and .25 (25% of value).

I just can't seem to get anything to work.

This is the context that it is being used;

int t;
      for (t = 0; t < blueChannels; t++)
      {  
        valueBlue[t] = random(blueLevel[t],blueLevel[t]*clearDay);
      }
      for (t = 0; t < whiteChannels; t++)
      {
        valueWhite[t] = random(whiteLevel[t],whiteLevel[t]*clearDay);
      }

The clearDay is the place I need the values to be placed.

I hope that makes since to someone out there because im running out of ideas.

Cheers,

Jason

How are blueLevel[], whiteLevel, and clearDay defined?

Where is clearDay valued? With what values?

I just can't seem to get anything to work.

What have you tried, and why didn't it work?

My guess is that you are having issues because you are trying to store a non-integer value in an integer, and getting 0. Show all of your code so I can see if my guess is correct.

Here is the full code, I will go into a bit of detail in the next post so you can have a chance to look at everything.

// Set up RTC
#include "Wire.h"
#define DS1307_I2C_ADDRESS 0x68

// Temperature Sensor

#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
#define THERM_PIN   0  // 10ktherm & 10k resistor as divider.

int fanPin =  3;
int fanVal;
int fanTemp = 300;    // Temp Fans turn on
int offTemp = 600;   // Temp LEDs turn off

// RTC variables
byte second, rtcMins, oldMins, rtcHrs, oldHrs, dayOfWeek, dayOfMonth, month, year, psecond; 


// LED variables (Change to match your needs)
byte bluePins[]      =  {9, 10, 11};  // pwm pins for blues
byte whitePins[]     =  {5, 6};       // pwm pins for whites

byte blueChannels    =        3;    // how many PWMs for blues (count from above)
byte whiteChannels   =        2;    // how many PWMs for whites (count from above)

int startOffset      =        500;   // offset for start times
int colourOffset     =        15;   // offest for whites after blues start

[glow]byte blueLevel[]       =      {255, 255, 255};  // max intensity for Blue LED's
byte whiteLevel[]      =      {255, 255};  // max intensity for White LED's[/glow]

// Month Data for Start, Stop, Photo Period and Fade (based off of actual times, best not to change)

int daysInMonth[12] = {31, 29, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31};  //Days in each month

int minMinuteStart[12] = {310, 332, 348, 360, 372, 386, 394, 387, 364, 334, 307, 298}; //Minimum start times in each month
int maxMinuteStart[12] = {331, 347, 360, 372, 386, 394, 388, 365, 335, 308, 298, 309}; //Max start time in each month

int minMinuteFade[12] = {350, 342, 321, 291, 226, 173, 146, 110, 122, 139, 217, 282}; //Minimum fade time in each month
int maxMinuteFade[12] = {342, 321, 291, 226, 173, 146, 110, 122, 139, 217, 282, 350}; //Max fade time in each month

int minMinuteStop[12] = {1122, 1120, 1102, 1073, 1047, 1034, 1038, 1050, 1062, 1071, 1085, 1105}; //minimum stop times each month
int maxMinuteStop[12] = {1121, 1103, 1074, 1048, 1034, 1038, 1050, 1061, 1071, 1084, 1104, 1121}; //maximum stop times each month


// Weather variables

int weather = 1;  // 0 off, 1 on

int clearDays[12] = {15, 12, 20, 23, 28, 37, 43, 48, 51, 41, 29, 23};
int cloudyDays[12] = {60, 61, 62, 60, 64, 63, 68, 66, 63, 54, 52, 53}; 

[glow]int clearDay = 0.25; // Max cloud value on clear day
int cloudyDay = 0.75; // Max cloud value on cloudy day
int normalDay = 0.5; // Max cloud value on normal day[/glow]
byte valueBlue[] = {0, 0, 0};
byte valueWhite[] = {0, 0};

byte value;
int day, fadeOn, fadeOff, time, pause, count, cloud;
long start, finish;


// Other variables.

int minCounter;  // counter that resets at midnight. Don't change this.
long secCounter;
int fadeDuration;  // minutes to fade - calculated by map above
int ledStartMins;  // minute to start led's - calculated by map above
int ledStopMins;  // minute to stop led's - calculated by map above
byte blueMax[] = {0, 0, 0};      // used for overtemp protection
byte whiteMax[] = {0, 0};    // used for overtemp protection

/****** LED Functions ******/
/***************************/

//function to set LED brightness according to time of day

byte setLed(
int mins,    // current time in minutes
byte ledPin,  // pin for this channel of LEDs
int start,   // start time for this channel of LEDs
int fade,    // fade duration for this channel of LEDs
int stop,    // stop time for this channel of LEDs
byte ledMax,  // max value for this channel of LEDs
long begin,   // time cloud cycle begins in seconds
long secs,    // current time in seconds
int on,       // time for cloud to fade on in seconds
int off,      // time for cloud to fade off in seconds
long time,     // time of cloud
byte value     // value for cloud

// max value for this channel
)  {
  byte ledVal = 0;
  if (mins <= start || mins >= stop)  //this is when the LEDs are off, thus ledVal is 255;
  {
    ledVal = 0;
  }
  if (mins > start && mins <= start + fade) //this is sunrise 
  {
    ledVal =  map(mins, start, start + fade, 255, ledMax);
  }
  if (mins > start + fade && mins < stop - fade && weather == 1)
  {
    ledVal = ledMax;
    if (count == 1){
      if (secs >= begin && secs < begin + fadeOn)
      {
        ledVal = map(secs, begin, begin + on, ledMax, value);
      }
      if (secs >= begin + on && secs < begin + on + time)
      {
        ledVal = value;
      }
      if (secs >= begin + on + time && secs < begin + on + time + off)
      { 
        ledVal = map(secs, begin + on + time, begin + on + time + off, value, ledMax);
      }
      if (secs >= begin + on + time + off)
      {
        ledVal = ledMax;
      }
      if (secs >= finish)
      {
        count = 0;
      }
    } 
  }
  if (mins > start + fade && mins < stop - fade && weather == 0)
  {
    ledVal = ledMax;
  }
  if (mins < stop && mins >= stop - fade)  //this is the sunset
  {
    ledVal = map(mins, stop - fade, stop, ledMax, 0);
  }
  analogWrite(ledPin, ledVal);
  return ledVal;   
} 

/***** RTC Functions *******/
/***************************/
// Convert normal decimal numbers to binary coded decimal
byte decToBcd(byte val)
{
  return ( (val/10*16) + (val%10) );
}

// Convert binary coded decimal to normal decimal numbers
byte bcdToDec(byte val)
{
  return ( (val/16*10) + (val%16) );
}

// Gets the date and time from the ds1307
void getDateDs1307(byte *second,
byte *minute,
byte *hour,
byte *dayOfWeek,
byte *dayOfMonth,
byte *month,
byte *year)
{
  Wire.beginTransmission(DS1307_I2C_ADDRESS);
  Wire.send(0);
  Wire.endTransmission();

  Wire.requestFrom(DS1307_I2C_ADDRESS, 7);

  *second     = bcdToDec(Wire.receive() & 0x7f);
  *minute     = bcdToDec(Wire.receive());
  *hour       = bcdToDec(Wire.receive() & 0x3f);
  *dayOfWeek  = bcdToDec(Wire.receive());
  *dayOfMonth = bcdToDec(Wire.receive());
  *month      = bcdToDec(Wire.receive());
  *year       = bcdToDec(Wire.receive());
}

void setup()  { 

  // init I2C  
  Serial.begin(57600);
  Wire.begin();
  randomSeed(analogRead(1));
}
/***** Main Loop ***********/
/***************************/
void loop(){
  getDateDs1307(&second, &rtcMins, &rtcHrs, &dayOfWeek, &dayOfMonth, &month, &year);

  minCounter = rtcHrs * 60 + rtcMins;
  secCounter = (long)minCounter * 60 + (long)second;

  // Thermal

  int therm;   
  therm = analogRead(THERM_PIN)-238;

  // Fans

  if (therm >= fanTemp){
    fanVal = map(therm, fanTemp, offTemp, 0, 255);
    analogWrite(fanPin, fanVal);
  }
  if (therm < fanTemp){
    analogWrite(fanPin, 0);
  }
  if (therm > offTemp){
    analogWrite(fanPin, 255);
  }

  // Start and Stop Times, Fade Time Functions

  ledStartMins = map(dayOfMonth, 1, daysInMonth[month-1], minMinuteStart[month-1], maxMinuteStart[month-1]) + startOffset; //LED Start time
  fadeDuration = map(dayOfMonth, 1, daysInMonth[month-1], minMinuteFade[month-1], maxMinuteFade[month-1]); //LED Fade time
  ledStopMins = map(dayOfMonth, 1, daysInMonth[month-1], minMinuteStop[month-1], maxMinuteStop[month-1]) + startOffset; // LED Stop time

  // Overtemp shutdown

  if (therm >= offTemp)
  {
    int t;
    for (t = 0; t < blueChannels; t++)
    {
      blueMax[t] = 0;
    }
    for (t = 0; t < whiteChannels; t++)
    {
      whiteMax[t] = 0;
    }
  }

  // Weather Functions

  if (minCounter == 0 && second == 0 || day == 0){
    {
      day = random(1,101);
    }
  }  
  if (count == 0){
    [glow]if (day <= clearDays[month-1]) // Clear Day
    {
      int t;
      for (t = 0; t < blueChannels; t++)
      {  
        valueBlue[t] = random(blueLevel[t],blueLevel[t]*clearDay);
      }
      for (t = 0; t < whiteChannels; t++)
      {
        valueWhite[t] = random(whiteLevel[t],whiteLevel[t]*clearDay);
      }
    }
    if (day > clearDays[month-1] && day <= cloudyDays[month-1]) // Cloudy Day 
    {
      int t;
      for (t = 0; t < blueChannels; t++)
      {  
        valueBlue[t] = random(blueLevel[t]*normalDay,blueLevel[t]*cloudyDay);
      }
      for (t = 0; t < whiteChannels; t++)
      {
        valueWhite[t] = random(whiteLevel[t]*normalDay,whiteLevel[t]*cloudyDay);
      }
    } 
    if (day > cloudyDays[month-1]) // Normal Day 
    {
      int t;
      for (t = 0; t < blueChannels; t++)
      {  
        valueBlue[t] = random(blueLevel[t],blueLevel[t]*normalDay);
      }
      for (t = 0; t < whiteChannels; t++)
      {
        valueWhite[t] = random(whiteLevel[t],whiteLevel[t]*normalDay);
      }
    }  [/glow]    
    fadeOn = random(5,8); // Fade on of cloud is seconds
    fadeOff = random(5,8); // Fade off of cloud is seconds
    time = random(30,300); // Length of cloud in seconds
    pause = random(5,300); // Time between clouds in seconds
    start = secCounter; // Sets cycle start time
    finish = start + fadeOn + time + fadeOff + pause; // Sets cylce finish time in seconds
    count = 1;
  }

  // LED State and Serial Print
  if (psecond != second){
    psecond = second;
    // set LED states
    Serial.print("Date - ");
    Serial.print(dayOfMonth,DEC);
    Serial.print("/");
    Serial.print(month,DEC);
    Serial.print("/");
    Serial.println(year,DEC);
    Serial.print("Time - ");   
    Serial.print(rtcHrs,DEC);
    Serial.print(":");
    Serial.print(rtcMins,DEC);
    Serial.print(":");
    Serial.println(second,DEC);
    Serial.print("Temp - ");
    Serial.print(therm / 10.,1);
    Serial.print((char)176);
    Serial.println(" C");
    Serial.println("");
    Serial.print("Day Value - ");
    Serial.println(day);
    Serial.print("Fade on - ");
    Serial.print(fadeOn);
    Serial.println(" seconds");
    Serial.print("Length of cloud - ");
    Serial.print(time);
    Serial.println(" seconds");
    Serial.print("Fade off - ");
    Serial.print(fadeOff);
    Serial.println(" seconds");
    Serial.print("Pause before next cloud - ");
    Serial.print(pause);
    Serial.println(" seconds");
    Serial.print("Time cycle started - ");
    Serial.println(start);
    Serial.print("Time cycle will finish - ");
    Serial.println(finish);
    Serial.print("Value for cloud - ");
    Serial.println(value);
    Serial.print("Current value of LED's - ");
    Serial.println(cloud);
    Serial.print("Current time in seconds - ");
    Serial.println(secCounter);
    Serial.println("");
    update_leds();
  }
  delay(50);
}


void update_leds( void ){
  int i;
  byte ledVal;
  for (i = 0; i < blueChannels; i++){
    ledVal = setLed(minCounter, bluePins[i], ledStartMins, fadeDuration, ledStopMins, blueLevel[i], start, secCounter, fadeOn, fadeOff, time, valueBlue[i]);
  }
  for (i = 0; i < whiteChannels; i++){
    ledVal = setLed(minCounter, whitePins[i], ledStartMins + colourOffset, fadeDuration, ledStopMins - colourOffset, whiteLevel[i], start, secCounter, fadeOn, fadeOff, time, valueWhite[i]);   
  }
}

The highlighted areas are the sections of the code impacted

Have you noticed that when most other people post code, it is in a neat grey box?
Go back to your post, click on 'modify', then highlight all your code, then click on the # icon on the editor's toolbar.
Thank you.

Sorry about the code box, I didn't think I could highlight in it.

Cheers,

Jason

Do I just need to make it a float value?

Your reply included more of your code, but didn't answer any of my questions. How are blueLevel[], whiteLevel[], clearDay, cloudyDay, and normalDay defined and valued?

What is happening in the code that is not to your liking?

One thing that might be causing problems, depending on whether cloudyDay, normalDay, and/or clearDay is greater than or less than one, is the fact that the second argument to random MUST be larger than the first argument.

Do I just need to make it a float value?

"it"? What the heck is "it"?

Thanks Paul,

I know that you probably don't see that you helped but you did.

I needed to change the clearDay, cloudyDay and normalDay from int to float values.

I also needed to re-organize my random arguments so the second value was the larger of the two.

Cheers,

Jason