pinout questions: Meduino Mega2560 R3 Pro Mini ATMEGA16U2

The pinout is exactly the same as the regular Mega.

spikey1973:

  1. which 15 of the 54 digital pinouts are the PWM outputs, or basically.. how do i / you know that those are them?
    as it is not printed on the board in a way that i understand it.

...

  1. the meaning of the little "squares" on the upper right of Digital pin 2 till 13

You answered your own question. 2-13 are PWM, just like on the Mega.

spikey1973:
2) SDA and SCL pins:
there is a print on the board that SDA is pin 20 and SCL is pin 21 but those pins are digital pins while on genuine arduino boards the SDA and SCl are analog pins (4 and 5) or seperate SDA and SCL pins.

You're thinking of the ATmega328P boards like the Uno. SDA is 20 and SCL is 21 on the Mega.