Please Help Me Understand LCD Coding/Wiring.........

You should be aware that there are lcd keypad shields like the one you have that have a h/w issue with their backlight circuit. If you control the backlight using D10 and your shield has the h/w issue, it can potentially damage your Arduino board.
Read this thread for more information: Warning to users of some vendors LCD keypad shields - Displays - Arduino Forum
(you will see this thread at the top of the Display section of the forum)

If you use my hd44780 library package, it includes code in the library that will automatically avoid the h/w issue (if your shield has the issue) to avoid any potential damage to the Arduino board.

The hd44780 library package also includes a diagnostic test sketch, LCDKeypadCheck, that will test your shield and report if it has the h/w issue.
If you have the issue, you need to be very careful about controlling the backlight (see the thread I mentioned earlier for how to avoid the issue) or use the hd44780 library.

You can install the hd44780 library directly from the Arduino IDE GUI using the library manager.
You can read more about the hd44780 library package here: GitHub - duinoWitchery/hd44780: Extensible hd44780 LCD library
There is also some additional information in the wiki.

You will use the hd44780 i/o class hd44780_pinIO for your LCD keypad shield.
All the examples are preconfigured to use pin mappings that should work for your shield, so all the examples should "just work" out of the box with your lcd keypad shield.
Make sure to at least run LCDKeypadCheck to check to see if your lcd keypad shield has the h/w issue.

--- bill