I want to calculate power consumption of arduino type uno r3 theoretically, because I want to compare between it and analog control, which of them use less power.
Also, can the datasheet of arduino help me to measure the power or not and how if yes?
1682209.pdf (376 KB)
That datasheet, not so much. However, if you look at the Uno's schematic, then the datasheets for the components, you will be able to get the power consumption information you need for a baseline calculation. Things get more difficult if you have a real-world application where the microcontroller is spending a variable amount of time sleeping (perhaps even using multiple sleep modes) and power consumption of other external components is changing dynamically.
Can you tell how can i calculated it from schematic on datasheet?
Also, is there another datasheet tell me the power consumption?
Finally I don't understand what should I do?
Estimate power consumption of every component used. Either by looking into a datasheet or measuring in conditions comparable to the real life. It is also good to make some worst case estimates.
Calculate the power consumption is tricky task with many possible surprises. If the consumption is not critical it is probably better to measure the consumption in a "typical" situation and add some safety margin.
The ATmega328 datasheet has "typical characteristics" section showing power consumption graphs for various
supply voltages and clock speeds. This is with various modules powered down though, so its not the whole story
(its a complex chip). At 16MHz and 5V the consumption is about 10mA
The Uno also has an ATmega16u2 that handles USB<->serial conversion which also consumes power at about
15mA (not allowing for some modules as before).
Its probably simpler to just measure the current with something like this: https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/USB-Volt-Current-Power-Meter-Tester-Monitor-Reader-Phone-Tablet-Charger-Doctor/332691159937
By the way for CMOS clocked logic chips the current consumption is generally proportional to the clock frequency and to the supply voltage, thus the power consumption is proportional to clock freq times voltage squared.
