Hi! I'm working on a project for my van. It's a thermometer with two sensors, one inside the van and the other outside. I'ts made in a NANO board with a 16x2 LED Screen. I want to use my second battery (12V, not the same that starts the engine) to power it, and I'm not sure if I can do that, and if I can, where to connect the power, in Vin or 5V pin? I think it should be the Vin pin.
It will go in the VIN, you are right, but which Nano do you have?
If it's the Nano classic (ATMega328) then 12V is the upper limit of what the on-board regulator can handle.
I've used a couple of those for 12V projects. I prefer to use a buck converter to step the power down to 7.4V before sending it to VIN. It will prevent excess heat.