I have 30 stepper motors and 30 easy drivers arranged on a huge breadboard and they all work individually when I tested each one. The problem that I am facing now is powering everything when I have all of the motors and drivers connected. I was using a standard 12v 2a wall jack to power the breadboard but quickly realized that there was not enough power making it the full length of the breadboard to power the furthest motors. When I measured the voltage at the far end of the breadboard I got around 1v, not nearly enough to run the motor. So I upped the power supply to a 20v 3a power supply and when I measured it again it was still only around 4v.
Only one motor at a time is going to be moving, but the drivers still draw power to hold the motors in place.
I am in need of guidance on how I can successfully power the entire board, I was thinking that I needed a huge power supply and a bunch of voltage regulators to make sure that nothing gets fried.
Breadboards are entirely unsuitable for high current connections and the tracks will quickly be damaged if used in that way.
Use appropriately heavy wires (e.g. 18 gauge stranded) for connecting the motor power supply, the motor drivers and the motors, and solder all the connections.
Limit current in a breadboard to a few hundred mA, anything more you should be using
terminal blocks, soldered joints, bullet connectors, etc. Note that the sprung contacts in a breadboard
can be a significant fraction of an ohm if tarnished, which will dissipate significant power at several amps
and cause overheating, loss of springiness, more oxidation, vicious circle of deterioration.
If you've lots of high current loads you should think about setting up busbars to power them, ie copper
strips that you bolt solder tags to regularly - even a 10mmx1mm copper strip can carry many 10's of amps
without any struggle. Neater than running 30 pairs of wires back to a power supply.
You don't need a higher voltage power source either. You need a higher current power source. If one motor runs at 12 V, then 30 motors should run at 12 V, too. You just need thicker wires. And a beefier source. Like a car battery.