Powering an arduino and an android tablet

Power would only be drawn from the source with the higher voltage.
S0 9V wallwart when plugged in, and 7.4V battery when not.

Find a schottky diode, one with a lower drop, vs 1N4004 with 1.1V drop.
Example:

I think you also want R1 between the Output and Adjust, not Input.
Don't forget caps as well.