Powering multiple components

Projects General Guidance
1

I'm working on my ty project. It's a moving car having a robotic arm. I'm using Arduino, gsm, gps module, ultrasonic sensor, 4 servo motors, h bridge motor shield and raspberry pi. Each of these uses different voltage, then how can I power them?

2

Hi, You have two major questions: How to provide the proper power supply voltages, and how to WIRE everything and Where Is GROUND..

Arduino, gsm, gps module, ultrasonic sensor, 4 servo motors, h bridge motor shield and raspberry pi.

These can not all have different voltages. Give us a list.

Here's a good place to start on wiring and ground: Arduino-Project-Planning-Electrical - ArduinoInfo

3

Give us a list.

  1. Arduino uno
  2. Gsm sim900a
  3. Gps neo 6m
  4. Ultrasonic sensor hcsr04
  5. 4X tower Pro sg90 9g micro servo motor
  6. L298n 2a based motor driver module
  7. Raspberry pi zero
4

Unless you've already paid for it (and maybe even if you have) ditch the L298 for something more modern and efficient, and which doesn't need a heat sink the size of a bus.

But otoh, you don't mention anything that actually needs it, so what's it for? Are there some DC motors in the mix maybe? The voltage supply to driver boards is based on the motors; it's not an inherent characteristic of the driver board. (Except in some cases, the logic supply to the board.)

5

Ohh sorry I forgot to add, '4x 300 rpm BO motor'.
The car wheels are attached to these motors. I'm using batteries for this but I don't know how to give power supply for other components

6

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7

And it would be helpful to know the amperage required by each component.

Motors are the most complex. Peak current starting from stationary can be 2-4 times the current quoted in the datasheet.

The GSM module is also a complex load. Average current is very low but when it is transmitting it needs a lot of amps.

Servos never show current in their datasheets. I wish they did. Regular servos need at least 1A each. They also use weird voltages like 6V. Often they will work on 5V with reduced speed and torque.

Then this is probably battery powered? How long do you expect it to run?