I would like to be able to program Atmel ATMEGA328P chips with Arduino UNO "C" code for some projects I am working on. Would I need to first program the Arduino UNO bootloader into the chips using Atmel's AVRISP mkII In-System Programmer (ATAVRISP2) and then put them into an Arduino UNO board's DIP socket to program them with my Arduino UNO "C" code?
Any assistance will be greatly appreciated. Detailed instructions would be appreciated even more. 
A bootloader is not required, a sketch programmed directly with an ICSP programmer. Note in the IDE, on the File menu, "Upload using programmer".
Excellent! That is precisely what I needed to know. I will try that out to see if I can get it to work.
Thanks a bunch!
Burn the bootloader first so the fuses are set correctly, assuming you are connecting them up with 16 MHz xtal/caps as if they are Unos.
CrossRoads:
Burn the bootloader first so the fuses are set correctly, assuming you are connecting them up with 16 MHz xtal/caps as if they are Unos.
ie. You don't need the bootloader code on the chip but the "burn bootloader" function of the Arduino IDE also sets the chip's fuses.
Or just take the direct approach and set the fuses directly with AVRDUDE.