Projects don't copy to arduino nano

About a year ago I ordered a few very cheap arduino nanos with ATmega 328 on ebay. Back then I used one of them for a project and it worked fine.

Now I started a new project but I cant copy it to the arduino. I tried 3 different ones...
The arduino seems to work. The led, which is connected to pin 13, is blinking. The driver is installed on my PC and it whows up as "USB-SERIAL CH340(COM4)" in the device manager. It alsso shows up in the IDE as "COM4". I have set it to Arduino nano whith ATmega 328.

The project compiles and on that orange bar ist says "Uploading..." for a while (over 1 minute). Then the console outputs:

avrdude: stk500_recv(): programmer is not responding
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 1 of 10: not in sync: resp=0x5e
avrdude: stk500_recv(): programmer is not responding
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 2 of 10: not in sync: resp=0x5e
.
.
.
avrdude: stk500_recv(): programmer is not responding
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 10 of 10: not in sync: resp=0x5e

I tried it on my MacBook and on my windows 10 PC. Both with the same result.

My recommendations:

  1. Make sure you try a different cable. Mini USB cables of the charge-only variety are common, so make sure you are not using one of those.
  2. In the IDE preferences check show verbose output on upload, and if you continue to have problems show the whole output.
  3. Do the Loop Back Test, which is one of the pinned posts at the top of the forum. This will give you an idea if the USB-to-serial chip is working ok. If ok, proceed to #4.
  4. Burn a fresh bootloader onto the Nano using a working Arduino as an ISP programmer. This is done by loading the example sketch ArduinoISP onto the working Arduino, then disabling auto reset of the programmer Arduino, and wiring the programmer Arduino to the target Nano as described in the sketch. On the menu choose the target board and Burn Bootloader. You may select Uno as the target board, then your Nano will be upgraded to an Uno, and can be programmed as Uno.

I followed steps 1 - 3. Same result with a different cable.

Here is the verbose output of the IDE:

Build options changed, rebuilding all

Sketch uses 1,066 bytes (3%) of program storage space. Maximum is 30,720 bytes.
Global variables use 9 bytes (0%) of dynamic memory, leaving 2,039 bytes for local variables. Maximum is 2,048 bytes.
C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\tools\avr/bin/avrdude -CC:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\tools\avr/etc/avrdude.conf -v -patmega328p -carduino -PCOM4 -b57600 -D -Uflash:w:C:\Users\gyano\AppData\Local\Temp\build9c9ef3bdfe2fccb480bc6e4bac749e41.tmp/Blink.ino.hex:i 

avrdude: Version 6.0.1, compiled on Apr 15 2015 at 19:59:58
         Copyright (c) 2000-2005 Brian Dean, http://www.bdmicro.com/
         Copyright (c) 2007-2009 Joerg Wunsch

         System wide configuration file is "C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\tools\avr/etc/avrdude.conf"

         Using Port                    : COM4
         Using Programmer              : arduino
         Overriding Baud Rate          : 57600
avrdude: stk500_recv(): programmer is not responding
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 1 of 10: not in sync: resp=0xd8
avrdude: stk500_recv(): programmer is not responding
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 2 of 10: not in sync: resp=0xd8
avrdude: stk500_recv(): programmer is not responding
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 3 of 10: not in sync: resp=0xd8
avrdude: stk500_recv(): programmer is not responding
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 4 of 10: not in sync: resp=0xd8
.
.
.
avrdude: stk500_recv(): programmer is not responding
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 10 of 10: not in sync: resp=0xd8

avrdude done.  Thank you.

Problem uploading to board.  See http://www.arduino.cc/en/Guide/Troubleshooting#upload for suggestions.

This was the output for a different arduino:

Build options changed, rebuilding all

Sketch uses 1,066 bytes (3%) of program storage space. Maximum is 30,720 bytes.
Global variables use 9 bytes (0%) of dynamic memory, leaving 2,039 bytes for local variables. Maximum is 2,048 bytes.
C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\tools\avr/bin/avrdude -CC:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\tools\avr/etc/avrdude.conf -v -patmega328p -carduino -PCOM4 -b57600 -D -Uflash:w:C:\Users\gyano\AppData\Local\Temp\build9c9ef3bdfe2fccb480bc6e4bac749e41.tmp/Blink.ino.hex:i 

avrdude: Version 6.0.1, compiled on Apr 15 2015 at 19:59:58
         Copyright (c) 2000-2005 Brian Dean, http://www.bdmicro.com/
         Copyright (c) 2007-2009 Joerg Wunsch

         System wide configuration file is "C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\tools\avr/etc/avrdude.conf"

         Using Port                    : COM4
         Using Programmer              : arduino
         Overriding Baud Rate          : 57600
         AVR Part                      : ATmega328P
         Chip Erase delay              : 9000 us
         PAGEL                         : PD7
         BS2                           : PC2
         RESET disposition             : dedicated
         RETRY pulse                   : SCK
         serial program mode           : yes
         parallel program mode         : yes
         Timeout                       : 200
         StabDelay                     : 100
         CmdexeDelay                   : 25
         SyncLoops                     : 32
         ByteDelay                     : 0
         PollIndex                     : 3
         PollValue                     : 0x53
         Memory Detail                 :

                                  Block Poll               Page                       Polled
           Memory Type Mode Delay Size  Indx Paged  Size   Size #Pages MinW  MaxW   ReadBack
           ----------- ---- ----- ----- ---- ------ ------ ---- ------ ----- ----- ---------
           eeprom        65    20     4    0 no       1024    4      0  3600  3600 0xff 0xff
           flash         65     6   128    0 yes     32768  128    256  4500  4500 0xff 0xff
           lfuse          0     0     0    0 no          1    0      0  4500  4500 0x00 0x00
           hfuse          0     0     0    0 no          1    0      0  4500  4500 0x00 0x00
           efuse          0     0     0    0 no          1    0      0  4500  4500 0x00 0x00
           lock           0     0     0    0 no          1    0      0  4500  4500 0x00 0x00
           calibration    0     0     0    0 no          1    0      0     0     0 0x00 0x00
           signature      0     0     0    0 no          3    0      0     0     0 0x00 0x00

         Programmer Type : Arduino
         Description     : Arduino
         Hardware Version: 2
         Firmware Version: 1.16
         Vtarget         : 0.0 V
         Varef           : 0.0 V
         Oscillator      : Off
         SCK period      : 0.1 us

avrdude: AVR device initialized and ready to accept instructions

Reading | ################################################## | 100% 0.00s

avrdude: Device signature = 0x1e950f
avrdude: reading input file "C:\Users\gyano\AppData\Local\Temp\build9c9ef3bdfe2fccb480bc6e4bac749e41.tmp/Blink.ino.hex"
avrdude: writing flash (1066 bytes):

Writing | ################################################## | 100% 0.32s

avrdude: 1066 bytes of flash written
avrdude: verifying flash memory against C:\Users\gyano\AppData\Local\Temp\build9c9ef3bdfe2fccb480bc6e4bac749e41.tmp/Blink.ino.hex:
avrdude: load data flash data from input file C:\Users\gyano\AppData\Local\Temp\build9c9ef3bdfe2fccb480bc6e4bac749e41.tmp/Blink.ino.hex:
avrdude: input file C:\Users\gyano\AppData\Local\Temp\build9c9ef3bdfe2fccb480bc6e4bac749e41.tmp/Blink.ino.hex contains 1066 bytes
avrdude: reading on-chip flash data:

Reading | ################################################## | 100% 0.24s

avrdude: verifying ...
avrdude: verification error, first mismatch at byte 0x0000
         0xff != 0x0c
avrdude: verification error; content mismatch

avrdude done.  Thank you.

The loop back test does not work. When I send something to the arduino the tx and rx leds are blinking, but nothing gets echoed back ;(

I have only one working arduino. But there is a project loaded on it, which I dont have on my PC anymore, so I can't delete it.

NuclearVirus:
The loop back test does not work. When I send something to the arduino the tx and rx leds are blinking, but nothing gets echoed back ;(

Then the problem is likely to be there... If you don't get a loopback then there is no need to reburn/mess with the bootloader etc. Did you indeed connect a wire between GND and RST to keep the Arduino in reset while testing?

In the device manager, does it show up without a ! ?

And are you 100% sure it's com4?

Yes. There was a wire between gnd and rst and one between tx and rx.

I added a screenshot from the device manager and the IDE as attachment

Is there nothing else I can do? I can't believe that 3 arduinos dont work...

You need to have a working loop back test for the serial programming to work.
Since 2 computers with 2 different OS's and 2 different cables and 3 different Nano's and nothing works, I don't know. This is pretty hard to figure out.
I suppose you could delete the CG340G drivers and download and re-install them.
Try a Linux computer, or set up one of your existing computers to dual boot so you can try Linux.
See if you can find somebody in your area, such as a club or a meet-up, there is a section of the forums for that. Running out of ideas here...

It's indeed pretty weird the CH340 seems to be installed correct but you have no loopback. Loopback is the most basic thing that should work...

It could be the cables. They are both pretty cheap looking. But they both work with other stuff.

What about the other error I got?:

avrdude: verification error, first mismatch at byte 0x0000
0xff != 0x0c

On of the 3 arduinos gives me that output.

The connection seems to work in one direction, because the tx and rx lights both light up, when doing the loop back test.