Siren? Light? 12v Source? Where are these coming from? Just the housing that comes with one of these items may have a bit of spare space to hold what you want.
Outdoor temperatures won't hurt anything. Rain or insect infestation are your primary enemies. You do need to anticipate condensation on the inside of the box, no matter how "IPXX" the box claims to be, so try to keep things mounted off the sides and nothing can be on the bottom of the box. You'll also need to keep your IR sensor shaded from direct sunlight or it'll behave erratically.
Lots of people around here use plastic, food storage containers for their projects so don't think anyone will poke fun at you for using just about anything you can find at the local store. If you want to go fancy you can try electronics distributors like Mouser or Farnell but like nilton says those boxes get really expensive.