Pulse LED's via Arduino Uno

Hello and thank you in advance for reading/commenting on my post. I will start by stating that I am a newbie to Arduino and general electronic building and this is my first project. With that being said I will dive right into what I am trying to do and what I have bought already.

I am trying to build a circuit that can pulse LED's to the beat of music/games.

I want to use an Arduino Uno so that I can later play with the code to customize pulsing/color/intensity/fading.

I want the circuit to take input from a 3.5mm jack and I know that this complicates it a bit more as I will need transistors, I have no experience with using these and I will need help in this area.

I want to have all the LED's connected via bread board so I can add more LED's at a later time.

I have done a significant amount of research and I have not found an exact guide comparable to what I am trying to do, but here are a few relevant documents that gives rough outline of what I am trying to do:

The original post I was trying to follow until I realized I wanted to wear a headset and still have lights pulse:

Circuit that was posted in comments that includes audio input:
http://www.instructables.com/file/F6J333CHO7XFIVZ
This circuit is greek to me, I do not understand the flow of electricity in this display and an explanation of the different parts of this circuit would be great help to me.

I have already purchased the following:
MultiColored LED Strip - HitLights RGB Multicolor Changing SMD5050 High Density LED Light Strip Kit - 300 LEDs, 16.4 Ft Roll, Cut to Length, Includes 60W Adapter and 44 Key Controller - Color Changing, 314 Lumens per foot - Newegg.com
Arduino Uno - https://www.sparkfun.com/products/11021
Breadboard - Breadboard - Small Self-Adhesive - PRT-00137 - SparkFun Electronics
Wire - http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00B4ZQ3L0/ref=oh_aui_detailpage_o03_s01?ie=UTF8&psc=1
3.5mm Jack - https://www.sparkfun.com/products/8032
I already own Soder Iron, Multimeter, Helping Hands station and (please let me know if I have missed something).

I will include a few pictures of my work area with what I have set up to give a better idea of what I am working with.

Once again any help is greatly appreciated.

Get an MSGEQ7 chip.

They're easy to use and do all the sound analysis for you.

Have a look at this project:

http://tronixstuff.com/2013/01/31/tutorial-arduino-and-the-msgeq7-spectrum-analyzer/