If pymite runs on a Maple, it should run on a Due as well.
Interpreters tend to prefer systems with lots of RAM. The pymite docs say that it loads the user program into RAM before running it. This means that your python code would need to be smaller than the maximum sized C program. (OTOH, it looks like you could store more than one python program in flash and chain them.)
That's if you're happy with Pymite. It looks a bit complicated to actually use...