uint8_t is the same thing as what you've been probably calling byte in the Arduino code. byte isn't a standard type, it's defined in Arduino core to be either uint8_t or unsigned char I can't remember. Either way, uint8_t is equivalent to byte as long as you're on an Arduino.
Please next time somebody asks for code, post it as the meaning might very well be related to the context how it is used; I've showed you what the numbers mean but nobody can tell you what is does if you don't provide the context; it could be part of a scrambling algorithm
The same if somebody asks where the code comes from, post a link.