I haven't seen any examples but I had an idea.
Suppose you had a service function to call every 100 microseconds. We don't have a function to read micro seconds elapsed and milliseconds elapsed is too coarse. It's clear that counting loops is not practical - or is it? Assume the service function took roughly the same amount of time to run each call - maybe 5-10% variation. You could call the service function, then loop X number of times. If you do this 1000 times (call service() then loop X times), 100 milliseconds should have passed. We can measure this. If only 80 milliseconds passed, we know we need to increase X by 25%. We end up with a high resolution, self correcting control loop. This concept can be mocked up in any language with a millisecond timer without an Arduino. You could use a PWM counter instead of the milliseconds, but I'm not sure it matters much - it would correct more often but after the first few corrections, it shouldn't need much correction given the assumption above.