Receive/Transmit data using XBees. Transmitter not connected to PC.

I'd like to use an Arduino and two XBees (S1) to transmit and receive data. I want to have the receiver connected to my PC so I'll have instant access to the received data (in the Arduino IDE serial monitor) so I can use the data in Matlab.

How do I transmit signals when the XBee isn't connected to my PC? Is this possible? All I can find online is either both modules connected or the transmitter only. I could have the transmitter connected and use data logging for the receiver to store the data, but I'd rather have the receiver connected via USB.
I'm using the following setup as reference:

I want to have the receiver connected to my PC so I'll have instant access to the received data (in the Arduino IDE serial monitor) so I can use the data in Matlab.

If you have the Serial Monitor application receiving the data, Matlab won't be able to receive the data, too. Matlab and the Serial Monitor app have no way of communicating, either.

How do I transmit signals when the XBee isn't connected to my PC?

Having one XBee is like trying to clap one-handed. Perhaps you need to rethink/reword this question.

If you DO have (or plan to have) two XBees, be specific about what they are connected to, and what the one that is not connected to the PC is connected to, how it gets power, where the data it receives is supposed to go, etc.