Requesting data from SRF02 Range finder via I2C

You don't need the second line here:

  Wire.requestFrom(srfAddress, 2);                // Request 2 bytes from SRF module
  while(Wire.available() < 2);                    // Wait for data to arrive

requestFrom "blocks" until the requested number of bytes arrives, or it times out. So the second line achieves nothing except to potentially put it into a loop. In fact requestFrom returns the number of bytes. So a better plan would be:

  if (Wire.requestFrom(srfAddress, 2) != 2)
    {
      // some sort of error
    }
  else
    {
    highByte = Wire.read();                      // Get high byte
    lowByte = Wire.read();        
    }

Try the "I2C bus scanner" on this page. That will confirm whether or not the device is responding and if so, what address it has: