Run 12V through a MCP4151 Pot?

More critical for you, is the restriction on resistor voltages:
Resistor Terminal Input Voltage Range (Terminals A, B and W)
which is listed as Vss min, Vdd max.
Also the supply maximum is 5.2V, so the resistor network voltages can never exceed that. 12V will never work.

Tell your employer to pound sand. Do you think they'll be happy if you hand them junk?

Also what do you really need this for? What is the application?