SdFat library with I2C and SoftwareSerial

I substituted your file name for "test.txt" in the SdFatReadWrite example and it runs so there must be a more subtle problem. Maybe someone will see something if you post all of the code.

Here is the program:

// Ported to SdFat from the native Arduino SD library example by Bill Greiman
// On the Ethernet Shield, CS is pin 4. SdFat handles setting SS
const int chipSelect = 10;
/*
 SD card read/write
  
 This example shows how to read and write data to and from an SD card file 	
 The circuit:
 * SD card attached to SPI bus as follows:
 ** MOSI - pin 11
 ** MISO - pin 12
 ** CLK - pin 13
 ** CS - pin 4
 
 created   Nov 2010
 by David A. Mellis
 updated 2 Dec 2010
 by Tom Igoe
 modified by Bill Greiman 11 Apr 2011
 This example code is in the public domain.
 	 
 */
#include <SdFat.h>
SdFat sd;
SdFile myFile;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  while (!Serial) {}  // wait for Leonardo
  Serial.println("Type any character to start");
  while (Serial.read() <= 0) {}
  delay(400);  // catch Due reset problem
  
  // Initialize SdFat or print a detailed error message and halt
  // Use half speed like the native library.
  // change to SPI_FULL_SPEED for more performance.
  if (!sd.begin(chipSelect, SPI_HALF_SPEED)) sd.initErrorHalt();

  // open the file for write at end like the Native SD library
  if (!myFile.open("GPS01.txt", O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_AT_END)) {
    sd.errorHalt("opening test.txt for write failed");
  }
  // if the file opened okay, write to it:
  Serial.print("Writing to GPS01.txt...");
  myFile.println("testing 1, 2, 3.");

  // close the file:
  myFile.close();
  Serial.println("done.");

  // re-open the file for reading:
  if (!myFile.open("GPS01.txt", O_READ)) {
    sd.errorHalt("opening test.txt for read failed");
  }
  Serial.println("GPS01.txt:");

  // read from the file until there's nothing else in it:
  int data;
  while ((data = myFile.read()) >= 0) Serial.write(data);
  // close the file:
  myFile.close();
}

void loop() {
  // nothing happens after setup
}

Here is the output.

Type any character to start
Writing to GPS01.txt...done.
GPS01.txt:
testing 1, 2, 3.