Hi:
I am a new to Arduino programing so I apologize in advance if I have missed something that I should have been aware of.
I am running Ubuntu 18.04 and Arduino 1.8.6
Any sketches that I have written for the Uno and Nano boards are working fine (the only Arduino board types I have).
If I select one of the 8266 boards (excepting the Huzzar board) I get the following error when I verify the sketch:
It's a bug in the 2.5.0-beta1 release of the ESP8266 core. They forgot to make signing.py executable:
There are two options to fix it:
The first option is to use a chmod command to make the file executable (as explained at the above link).
The second option is to roll back to the 2.4.2 release:
Tools > Board > Boards Manager
Wait for downloads to finish.
Scroll down until you see "esp8266 by ESP8266 Community". Click on it.
Select "2.4.2" from the dropdown menu.
Click "Install".
Wait for installation to finish.
Click "Close".
After rolling back to 2.4.2, you may get periodic notifications from the IDE that a new boards update is available. You'll need to refrain from updating to 2.5.0-beta1 or else the same error will be back.
In the future, you might be wary of installing any boards or library version marked as beta. These are primarily intended for beta testing and may not be as stable as the production release versions.