from 1 to 40 you are increasing the power by a factor of 4000%.
From 200 to 250 you are increasing power by a facor of just 25%
This is why the difference less noticeable.
No you can't but you could do the opposite. Instead of adding 1 to increase the value could double it instead. This might give you values that appear more regular 0,1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128,255
I understand what you mean, but let me explain why I ask. A ledstrip is used in a bird cage. Because those cages are not that big, going from 0 to 1 is already too much.
Is there a totally different way to do this technically? (not just thinking about programming or a arduino...but using pwm and mosfets ?)