I've connected the reset line to vcc (following to a tutorial). That was wrong.
Now I've connected the reset line of the arduino to the reset line of the usb part
... and everything works like a charm.
There's not much to be seen on your photos, except for a mess of wires. A schematic would've been much better, hand-drawn is OK. Or even something like this:
USB board: mini board:
---------- -----------
RX ---> RX
TX ---> TX
etc.
You were clever enough to figure it out yourself. But you didn't give sufficient information for providing you with an instant solution.
What tutorial did you use? If it wasn't on the arduino site, please don't blame us. Blame the author and send him a complaint, so he/she can fix the error it.