Some help with an arduino printer!

That would depend on the "pen" that you use.

You can not implement a way to control something with an understanding of what you are trying to control.

If you use an injet head I would just send it the byte it needs to write that line on the media.

If you use a pen on a solonoid I would just send it the bit to either turn it on or off.

If you used a laser you would have a whole other set of problems.