SPI Connectivity Issues on ESP32-Wroom-32E with SD-Card

Hello Guys!

I have built a custom ESP32 PCB with the ESP32-WROOM-32E Chip. It is connected to a
Micro-SD-Card connector with its HSPI Pins:

MISO - IO12
MOSI - IO13
CLK - IO14
CS - IO15

I was trying to read a 1GB SD-Card with the connector, but it will not connect.
I took the ESP32 SD Example and changed it a little bit because of the pinout:

#include <SPI.h>
#include <SD.h>

#define SD_CS_PIN        15 

// These pins will be use for SPI2
#define SD_CLK_PIN       14
#define SD_MOSI_PIN      13
#define SD_MISO_PIN      12

SPIClass SPI2(HSPI);

void listDir(fs::FS &fs, const char * dirname, uint8_t levels) 
{
  Serial.printf("Listing directory: %s\n", dirname);

  File root = fs.open(dirname);
  
  if (!root) 
  {
    Serial.println("Failed to open directory");
    return;
  }
  
  if (!root.isDirectory()) 
  {
    Serial.println("Not a directory");
    return;
  }

  File file = root.openNextFile();
  
  while (file) 
  {
    if (file.isDirectory()) 
    {
      Serial.print("  DIR : ");
      Serial.println(file.name());
      
      if (levels) 
      {
        listDir(fs, file.path(), levels - 1);
      }
    } 
    else 
    {
      Serial.print("  FILE: ");
      Serial.print(file.name());
      Serial.print("  SIZE: ");
      Serial.println(file.size());
    }
    
    file = root.openNextFile();
  }
}

void createDir(fs::FS &fs, const char * path) 
{
  Serial.printf("Creating Dir: %s\n", path);
  
  if (fs.mkdir(path)) 
  {
    Serial.println("Dir created");
  } 
  else 
  {
    Serial.println("mkdir failed");
  }
}

void removeDir(fs::FS &fs, const char * path) 
{
  Serial.printf("Removing Dir: %s\n", path);
  
  if (fs.rmdir(path)) 
  {
    Serial.println("Dir removed");
  } 
  else 
  {
    Serial.println("rmdir failed");
  }
}

void readFile(fs::FS &fs, const char * path) 
{
  Serial.printf("Reading file: %s\n", path);

  File file = fs.open(path);
  
  if (!file) 
  {
    Serial.println("Failed to open file for reading");
    return;
  }

  Serial.print("Read from file: ");
  
  while (file.available()) 
  {
    Serial.write(file.read());
  }
  
  file.close();
}

void writeFile(fs::FS &fs, const char * path, const char * message) 
{
  Serial.printf("Writing file: %s\n", path);

  File file = fs.open(path, FILE_WRITE);
  
  if (!file) 
  {
    Serial.println("Failed to open file for writing");
    return;
  }
  
  if (file.print(message)) 
  {
    Serial.println("File written");
  } 
  else 
  {
    Serial.println("Write failed");
  }
  
  file.close();
}

void appendFile(fs::FS &fs, const char * path, const char * message) 
{
  Serial.printf("Appending to file: %s\n", path);

  File file = fs.open(path, FILE_APPEND);
  
  if (!file) 
  {
    Serial.println("Failed to open file for appending");
    return;
  }
  
  if (file.print(message)) 
  {
    Serial.println("Message appended");
  } 
  else 
  {
    Serial.println("Append failed");
  }
  
  file.close();
}

void renameFile(fs::FS &fs, const char * path1, const char * path2) 
{
  Serial.printf("Renaming file %s to %s\n", path1, path2);
  
  if (fs.rename(path1, path2)) 
  {
    Serial.println("File renamed");
  } 
  else 
  {
    Serial.println("Rename failed");
  }
}

void deleteFile(fs::FS &fs, const char * path) 
{
  Serial.printf("Deleting file: %s\n", path);
  
  if (fs.remove(path)) 
  {
    Serial.println("File deleted");
  } 
  else 
  {
    Serial.println("Delete failed");
  }
}

void testFileIO(fs::FS &fs, const char * path) 
{
  File file = fs.open(path);
  static uint8_t buf[512];
  size_t len = 0;
  uint32_t start = millis();
  uint32_t end = start;
  
  if (file) 
  {
    len = file.size();
    size_t flen = len;
    start = millis();
    
    while (len) 
    {
      size_t toRead = len;
      
      if (toRead > 512) 
      {
        toRead = 512;
      }
      
      file.read(buf, toRead);
      len -= toRead;
    }
    
    end = millis() - start;
    Serial.printf("%u bytes read for %u ms\n", flen, end);
    file.close();
  } 
  else 
  {
    Serial.println("Failed to open file for reading");
  }

  file = fs.open(path, FILE_WRITE);
  
  if (!file) 
  {
    Serial.println("Failed to open file for writing");
    return;
  }

  size_t i;
  start = millis();
  
  for (i = 0; i < 2048; i++) 
  {
    file.write(buf, 512);
  }
  
  end = millis() - start;
  
  Serial.printf("%u bytes written for %u ms\n", 2048 * 512, end);
  file.close();
}

void setup()
{
  Serial.begin(115200);
  while (!Serial && millis() < 5000);

  Serial.print(F("\nStart ESP32_SD_SPI2_FileTest on ")); Serial.println(ARDUINO_BOARD);

  Serial.println(F("Current SPI pinout:"));
  Serial.print(F("SD_MOSI_PIN:")); Serial.println(SD_MOSI_PIN);
  Serial.print(F("SD_MISO_PIN:")); Serial.println(SD_MISO_PIN);
  Serial.print(F("SD_CLK_PIN:"));  Serial.println(SD_CLK_PIN);
  Serial.print(F("SD_CS_PIN:"));   Serial.println(SD_CS_PIN);

  Serial.println("Serial communication started.");

  pinMode(SD_CS_PIN, OUTPUT); // SS

  if (!SD.begin(SD_CS_PIN, SPI2))
  {
    Serial.println("Card Mount Failed");
    return;
  }
  
  uint8_t cardType = SD.cardType();

  if (cardType == CARD_NONE)
  {
    Serial.println("No SD card attached");
    return;
  }

  Serial.print("SD Card Type: ");

  if (cardType == CARD_MMC)
  {
    Serial.println("MMC");
  }
  else if (cardType == CARD_SD)
  {
    Serial.println("SDSC");
  }
  else if (cardType == CARD_SDHC)
  {
    Serial.println("SDHC");
  }
  else
  {
    Serial.println("UNKNOWN");
  }

  uint64_t cardSize = SD.cardSize() / (1024 * 1024);
  Serial.printf("SD Card Size: %lluMB\n", cardSize);

  listDir(SD, "/", 0);
  createDir(SD, "/mydir");
  listDir(SD, "/", 0);
  removeDir(SD, "/mydir");
  listDir(SD, "/", 2);
  writeFile(SD, "/hello.txt", "Hello ");
  appendFile(SD, "/hello.txt", "World!\n");
  readFile(SD, "/hello.txt");
  deleteFile(SD, "/foo.txt");
  renameFile(SD, "/hello.txt", "/foo.txt");
  readFile(SD, "/foo.txt");
  testFileIO(SD, "/test.txt");
  Serial.printf("Total space: %lluMB\n", SD.totalBytes() / (1024 * 1024));
  Serial.printf("Used space: %lluMB\n", SD.usedBytes() / (1024 * 1024));
}

void loop()
{
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
  delay(1000);
}

My problem is that i doesnt want to connect
It comes from this part of the code:

  if (!SD.begin(SD_CS_PIN, SPI2))
  {
    Serial.println("Card Mount Failed");
    return;
  }

I would appreciate any kind of help!
Thanks :smiley:

It is probably an SDXC card which is not comparable with the SD library.

Why, i am using a 1GB SD card, which definitely has not the specs to be a advanced version. It should be a normal sd card.
But thanks for the comment

OOPS - misread 1GB as 1TB, I haven't seen a card that small in awhile.

Does the card work with other systems? Can you read/write it on a PC for example?

I found that the default HSPI pins are not working for me, so once i switched to use an alternate pinout i got it to work.

#define LED_YELLOW 2
#define HSPI_SCK 17
#define HSPI_MISO 16
#define HSPI_MOSI 4
#define SD_CS 15
#define SPI_FRQ 32000000
#define TEST_BLOCKS 4

#include "FS.h"
#include "SD.h"
#include "SPI.h"

SPIClass * hspi = NULL;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  pinMode(LED_YELLOW, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(LED_YELLOW, LOW);  // active LOW
  hspi = new SPIClass(HSPI);

  hspi->begin(HSPI_SCK, HSPI_MISO, HSPI_MOSI, SD_CS);
  hspi->setFrequency(SPI_FRQ);
  //hspi->begin();


  if (!SD.begin(SD_CS, *hspi, SPI_FRQ)) {
    Serial.println("Card Mount Failed");
    return;
  }
  uint8_t cardType = SD.cardType();

  if (cardType == CARD_NONE) {
    Serial.println("No SD card attached");
    return;
  }

  Serial.print("SD Card Type: ");
  if (cardType == CARD_MMC) {
    Serial.println("MMC");
  } else if (cardType == CARD_SD) {
    Serial.println("SDSC");
  } else if (cardType == CARD_SDHC) {
    Serial.println("SDHC");
  } else {
    Serial.println("UNKNOWN");
  }

  uint64_t cardSize = SD.cardSize() / (1024 * 1024);
  Serial.printf("SD Card Size: %lluMB\n", cardSize);

  listDir(SD, "/", 0);
  createDir(SD, "/mydir");
  listDir(SD, "/", 0);
  removeDir(SD, "/mydir");
  listDir(SD, "/", 2);
  writeFile(SD, "/hello.txt", "Hello ");
  appendFile(SD, "/hello.txt", "World!\n");
  readFile(SD, "/hello.txt");
  deleteFile(SD, "/foo.txt");
  renameFile(SD, "/hello.txt", "/foo.txt");
  readFile(SD, "/foo.txt");
  testFileIO(SD, "/test.txt");
  Serial.printf("Total space: %lluMB\n", SD.totalBytes() / (1024 * 1024));
  Serial.printf("Used space: %lluMB\n", SD.usedBytes() / (1024 * 1024));
  digitalWrite(LED_YELLOW, HIGH);  // active LOW

}

void loop() {

}

void listDir(fs::FS &fs, const char * dirname, uint8_t levels) {
  Serial.printf("Listing directory: %s\n", dirname);

  File root = fs.open(dirname);
  if (!root) {
    Serial.println("Failed to open directory");
    return;
  }
  if (!root.isDirectory()) {
    Serial.println("Not a directory");
    return;
  }

  File file = root.openNextFile();
  while (file) {
    if (file.isDirectory()) {
      Serial.print("  DIR : ");
      Serial.println(file.name());
      if (levels) {
        listDir(fs, file.name(), levels - 1);
      }
    } else {
      Serial.print("  FILE: ");
      Serial.print(file.name());
      Serial.print("  SIZE: ");
      Serial.println(file.size());
    }
    file = root.openNextFile();
  }
}

void createDir(fs::FS &fs, const char * path) {
  Serial.printf("Creating Dir: %s\n", path);
  if (fs.mkdir(path)) {
    Serial.println("Dir created");
  } else {
    Serial.println("mkdir failed");
  }
}

void removeDir(fs::FS &fs, const char * path) {
  Serial.printf("Removing Dir: %s\n", path);
  if (fs.rmdir(path)) {
    Serial.println("Dir removed");
  } else {
    Serial.println("rmdir failed");
  }
}

void readFile(fs::FS &fs, const char * path) {
  Serial.printf("Reading file: %s\n", path);

  File file = fs.open(path);
  if (!file) {
    Serial.println("Failed to open file for reading");
    return;
  }

  Serial.print("Read from file: ");
  while (file.available()) {
    Serial.write(file.read());
  }
  file.close();
}

void writeFile(fs::FS &fs, const char * path, const char * message) {
  Serial.printf("Writing file: %s\n", path);

  File file = fs.open(path, FILE_WRITE);
  if (!file) {
    Serial.println("Failed to open file for writing");
    return;
  }
  if (file.print(message)) {
    Serial.println("File written");
  } else {
    Serial.println("Write failed");
  }
  file.close();
}

void appendFile(fs::FS &fs, const char * path, const char * message) {
  Serial.printf("Appending to file: %s\n", path);

  File file = fs.open(path, FILE_APPEND);
  if (!file) {
    Serial.println("Failed to open file for appending");
    return;
  }
  if (file.print(message)) {
    Serial.println("Message appended");
  } else {
    Serial.println("Append failed");
  }
  file.close();
}

void renameFile(fs::FS &fs, const char * path1, const char * path2) {
  Serial.printf("Renaming file %s to %s\n", path1, path2);
  if (fs.rename(path1, path2)) {
    Serial.println("File renamed");
  } else {
    Serial.println("Rename failed");
  }
}

void deleteFile(fs::FS &fs, const char * path) {
  Serial.printf("Deleting file: %s\n", path);
  if (fs.remove(path)) {
    Serial.println("File deleted");
  } else {
    Serial.println("Delete failed");
  }
}

void testFileIO(fs::FS &fs, const char * path) {
  File file = fs.open(path);
  static uint8_t buf[512];
  size_t len = 0;
  uint32_t start = millis();
  uint32_t end = start;
  uint32_t ustart = micros();
  uint32_t uend = start;
  if (file) {
    len = file.size();
    size_t flen = len;
    start = millis();
    ustart = micros();
    while (len) {
      size_t toRead = len;
      if (toRead > 512) {
        toRead = 512;
      }
      file.read(buf, toRead);
      len -= toRead;
    }
    uend = micros() - ustart;
    end = millis() - start;
    if (end > 100) Serial.printf("%u bytes read for %u ms\n", flen, end);
    else Serial.printf("%u bytes read for %u us\n", flen, uend);
    file.close();
  } else {
    Serial.println("Failed to open file for reading");
  }


  file = fs.open(path, FILE_WRITE);
  if (!file) {
    Serial.println("Failed to open file for writing");
    return;
  }

  size_t i;
  start = millis();
  ustart = micros();
  for (i = 0; i < TEST_BLOCKS; i++) {
    file.write(buf, 512);
  }
  uend = micros() - ustart;
  end = millis() - start;
  
  if (end > 100) Serial.printf("%u bytes written for %u ms\n", TEST_BLOCKS * 512, end);
  else Serial.printf("%u bytes written for %u us\n", TEST_BLOCKS * 512, uend);

  file.close();
}

also in your sketch.

pinMode(SD_CS_PIN, OUTPUT); // SS

this is not needed the sd library will take care of that.
And i think somehow that you do need to call

SPI2.begin();

you can modify the pinmap there as well. I use a system with a pointer to the object, but it is the same.

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