Staying in phase and measuring sags...

However, I am not aware of any industry standards re: how long a power supply is supposed to last (i.e. be able to ride through an incoming hiccup, high or low).

These do exist.
It depends on the class of the device but for consumer electronics, set top boxes and the like a device is supposed to be able to withstand three missing mains cycles without resetting or malfunctioning.