Stepper Motor High Speed operation using Accelstepper

You can use a Teensy 3.2 (Arduino compatible) and the TeensyStep library. This gives you up to 300000 stp/sec on multiple motors. Accelerated and synchronised movement.

TeensyStep: GitHub - luni64/TeensyStep: Fast Stepper Motor Library for Teensy boards
Teensy 3.2: Teensy® 3.2

and here a short video showing the performance: TeensyStep High Speed Stepper Library - YouTube