I connected the stepper and try this simple code, and the motor just vibrates. I tested each coil by lighting some LEDs.
Did I somehow burned the driver connecting everything and that is why it vibrates and doesn't moves?
Try 18V or 24V supply - if you use constant current driver you need voltage overhead.
You have a high-impedance (50 ohm) stepper, normally these days stepppers are a couple of
ohms only, so 12V supply and a current-controlling driver will work well.
You could try setting the current to less than 0.33A, say .25A, and see it that gives the driver
enough overhead.
Note you'll never get much speed from a high impedance motor driven like this - this is why
most steppers today are low impedance.