In my project, I need to have multiple bitmaps to display on an OLED and I was wondering if you could do something like (probably incorrect code):
int bitmap[]={bitmap_1, bitmap_2, bitmap_3};
while bitmap_1, bitmap_2 and bitmap_3 are in bitmaps.h and later on in the program I could call something like (without code tags so I can use bold):
display.drawBitmap((display.width() - LOGO_WIDTH ) / 2, (display.height() - LOGO_HEIGHT) / 2, bitmap[0], LOGO_WIDTH, LOGO_HEIGHT, 1);
Is this achievable?
It sounds like a 2 dimensional array is what you need
How would I use it for my purpose?
Domnulvlad:
How would I use it for my purpose?
Each row of the array holds a bitmap
Each bitmap holds an array of bytes
Need to display the third bitmap ?
Set the array index to [2][0] and start reading bytes until you have read them all for the bitmap
Need to display the seventh bitmap ?
Set the array index to [6][0] and start reading bytes until you have read them all for the bitmap
and so on
I'm very sure I'm doing something wrong (chopped off a lot of numbers so I could post it)
static const unsigned char PROGMEM bitmapper[][3] = {
{
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
}
,
{
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
}
,
{
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
}
}
ERROR: too many initializers for 'const unsigned char [3]'
Changed it to
static const unsigned char PROGMEM bitmapper[][1024] = {
(i counted 16x64 so 1024 chars) and tried
display.drawBitmap((display.width() - LOGO_WIDTH ) / 2, (display.height() - LOGO_HEIGHT) / 2, bitmapper[0][], LOGO_WIDTH, LOGO_HEIGHT, 1);
but it's throwing a weird error
expected ',' or ';' before 'int'
and highlighting the wrong line of code, but before it, in the console there is
error: expected primary-expression before ']' token
pointing to the second opened bracket in "bitmapper[0][]".
I don't know where to go.
You must explicitly specify the length of BOTH dimensions. As in, you need to provide numbers within both sets of brackets ([]).
static const unsigned char PROGMEM bitmapper[][3]
The first dimension is the number of rows in the array and the second is the number of columns. I assume that you can see why you got the "too many initializers" error
i counted 16x64 so 1024 chars
You might like to review the number of rows and columns in the array
I don't know where to go.
Please post a complete program and the full error messages
Power_Broker:
You must explicitly specify the length of BOTH dimensions. As in, you need to provide numbers within both sets of brackets ([]).
Are you sure ?
code (very bad, posted question on how to make it more compact on Project Guidance):
#include <Bounce2.h>
#include <SPI.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>
#include <Adafruit_SSD1306.h>
#include "bitmaps.h"
#define SCREEN_WIDTH 128 // OLED display width, in pixels
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 64 // OLED display height, in pixels
#define OLED_RESET 4 // Reset pin # (or -1 if sharing Arduino reset pin)
#define LOGO_HEIGHT 64
#define LOGO_WIDTH 128
#define sw 5
#define outputA 6
#define outputB 7
#define VCC 8
//////////////////////////////////////////
int noOfMenus = 3;
//////////////////////////////////////////
int counter = 0 ;
int aState ;
int aLastState ;
int lastSw ;
int lastCounter ;
int currentSw ;
int oldValue;
int x = 1;
bool drewDisplayMenu = false;
bool firstTimeDisplay = true;
bool pressedFirstTimeDisplay = false;
bool releasedFirstTimeDisplay = true;
bool drewSettingsMenu = false; /////////// settings
bool firstTimeSettings = true;
bool pressedFirstTimeSettings = false;
bool releasedFirstTimeSettings = true;
bool drewPlaceholderMenu = false;
bool ignoreEncoder = false;
//bool cleared = false;
Bounce debouncer = Bounce();
Adafruit_SSD1306 display(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, &Wire, OLED_RESET);
void setup() {
pinMode (outputA, INPUT);
pinMode (outputB, INPUT);
pinMode (sw, INPUT_PULLUP);
pinMode (VCC, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(VCC, HIGH);
debouncer.attach(sw);
debouncer.interval(5); // interval in ms
Serial.begin (9600);
if (!display.begin(SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC, 0x3C)) { // Address 0x3D for 128x64
Serial.println(F("SSD1306 allocation failed"));
for (;;); // Don't proceed, loop forever
}
aLastState = digitalRead(outputA);
display.display();
display.clearDisplay();
display.display();
}
void loop() {
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Button debouncing with Bounce2
debouncer.update();
int button = debouncer.read();
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Encoder algorythm
if (ignoreEncoder == false) {
aState = digitalRead(outputA); // Reads the "current" state of the outputA
// If the previous and the current state of the outputA are different, that means a Pulse has occured
if (aState != aLastState) {
// If the outputB state is different to the outputA state, that means the encoder is rotating clockwise
if (digitalRead(outputB) != aState) {
counter ++;
} else {
counter --;
}
}
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Calculating menu position
int counterer = counter / 2;
if (counterer % noOfMenus == noOfMenus - noOfMenus) { /////////////////////////////////// settings & subSettings
drewDisplayMenu = false;
drewPlaceholderMenu = false;
drawSettingsMenu();
if (button == HIGH) {
releasedFirstTimeSettings = true;
}
if (button == LOW && firstTimeSettings == true && releasedFirstTimeSettings == true) {
drawSubSettings(counterer);
pressedFirstTimeSettings = true;
}
if (button == HIGH && pressedFirstTimeSettings == true) {
drawSubSettings(counterer);
firstTimeSettings = false;
}
if (button == LOW && firstTimeSettings == false) {
drewSettingsMenu = false;
firstTimeSettings = true;
pressedFirstTimeSettings = false;
releasedFirstTimeSettings = false;
ignoreEncoder = false;
}
}
if (counterer % noOfMenus == noOfMenus - noOfMenus + 1 || counterer % noOfMenus == noOfMenus - noOfMenus - 1) { /////////////////display & subDisplay
drewSettingsMenu = false;
drewPlaceholderMenu = false;
drawDataDisplayMenu();
if (button == HIGH) {
releasedFirstTimeDisplay = true;
}
if (button == LOW && firstTimeDisplay == true && releasedFirstTimeDisplay == true) {
drawSubDisplay(counterer, analogRead(A0));
pressedFirstTimeDisplay = true;
}
if (button == HIGH && pressedFirstTimeDisplay == true) {
drawSubDisplay(counterer, analogRead(A0));
firstTimeDisplay = false;
}
if (button == LOW && firstTimeDisplay == false) {
drewDisplayMenu = false;
firstTimeDisplay = true;
pressedFirstTimeDisplay = false;
releasedFirstTimeDisplay = false;
ignoreEncoder = false;
}
}
if (counterer % noOfMenus == noOfMenus - noOfMenus + 2 || counterer % noOfMenus == noOfMenus - noOfMenus - 2) {
drewSettingsMenu = false;
drewDisplayMenu = false;
drawPlaceholderMenu();
}
if (drewDisplayMenu == true && drewSettingsMenu == true) {
drewDisplayMenu = false;
drewSettingsMenu = false;
}
aLastState = aState; // Updates the previous state of the outputA with the current state
lastCounter = counterer;
lastSw = button;
oldValue = button;
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Optional debug
//Serial.println(value);
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Drawing functions
void drawSettingsMenu(void) {
if (!drewSettingsMenu) {
display.clearDisplay();
display.drawBitmap((display.width() - LOGO_WIDTH ) / 2, (display.height() - LOGO_HEIGHT) / 2, settingsMenu, LOGO_WIDTH, LOGO_HEIGHT, 1);
display.display();
drewSettingsMenu = true;
}
}
void drawSubSettings(int currentCycle) {
display.clearDisplay();
display.setTextSize(1);
display.setTextColor(WHITE);
drawTitle("SETTINGS", 0);
setRows(0, 2);
display.print("On cycle #");
display.println(currentCycle);
display.display();
ignoreEncoder = true;
}
void drawDataDisplayMenu(void) {
if (!drewDisplayMenu) {
display.clearDisplay();
display.drawBitmap((display.width() - LOGO_WIDTH ) / 2, (display.height() - LOGO_HEIGHT) / 2, dataDisplayMenu, LOGO_WIDTH, LOGO_HEIGHT, 1);
display.display();
drewDisplayMenu = true;
}
}
void drawSubDisplay(int currentCycle, int inputData) {
display.clearDisplay();
display.setTextSize(1);
display.setTextColor(WHITE);
drawTitle("DATA DISPLAY", 0);
setRows(0, 2);
display.println(inputData);
display.display();
ignoreEncoder = true;
}
void drawPlaceholderMenu(void) {
if (!drewPlaceholderMenu) {
display.clearDisplay();
//display.drawBitmap((display.width() - LOGO_WIDTH ) / 2, (display.height() - LOGO_HEIGHT) / 2, placeholderMenu, LOGO_WIDTH, LOGO_HEIGHT, 1);
display.drawBitmap((display.width() - LOGO_WIDTH ) / 2, (display.height() - LOGO_HEIGHT) / 2, bitmapper[0][0], LOGO_WIDTH, LOGO_HEIGHT, 1);
display.display();
drewPlaceholderMenu = true;
}
}
void drawTitle(String title, int height)
{
int w = (6 * title.length()) - 1; // on normal font size, characters are 5 x 7 pixels
display.setCursor((127 - w) / 2, height);
display.println(title);
}
void setRows (int column, int row) {
int height = map(row, 0, 7, 0, 56);
display.setCursor(column, height);
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// End of program
bitmaps.h won't fit, attached
errors won't fit, attached
bitmaps.h (37.8 KB)
errors.txt (2.55 KB)
rotary_encoder_detect_change:22:1: error: expected ',' or ';' before 'int'
int noOfMenus = 3;
^~~
You left the last ; off in the bitmaps.h file, the compiler is treating this line as a continuation of that file.
rotary_encoder_detect_change:246:142: error: no matching function for call to 'drawBitmap(int16_t, int16_t, const unsigned char&, int, int, int)'
display.drawBitmap((display.width() - LOGO_WIDTH ) / 2, (display.height() - LOGO_HEIGHT) / 2, bitmapper[0][0], LOGO_WIDTH, LOGO_HEIGHT, 1);
^
the reference to bitmapper[0][0] refers to a single char, you should use bitmapper[0] to refer to the entire 1024 char bitmap image.
static const unsigned char PROGMEM bitmapper[3][3072] = {
This is wrong. This is declaring an array composed of 3 groups of 3072 char each. Each of your bitmap images is composed of 1024 char, so you needs to declare 3 groups of 1024 char each:
static const unsigned char PROGMEM bitmapper[3][1024] = {
This stores three 1024 char bitmap images in PROGMEM, with the images referenced as bitmapper[0], bitmapper[1], and bitmapper[2].
Thanks a real lot, david_2018! This solved everything.
The first error with the " expected ',' or ';' " is quite common, and confuses a lot of people, because the error is generally not with the line that the compiler flags, but with a previous line of code. In your case it was in a separate file. After a bit of coding you get used to things like that and know where to start looking.