Strange errors with Arduino Uno not working

That all sounds very strange. What use is the source file to him, and if you paid him to write it, surely you should get it?

You need a DC adapter, not AC. The USB will power the board, but not necessarily what you have connected to it.

... a cool yet expensive project using Arduino.

What project? Your post is so light on details it is almost impossible to advise.

If you paid by credit card I would be reversing the charge, you would reasonably expect it to work, otherwise how do you know he did anything at all?