Transistor Confusion?

I see..

interesting, the current is drawn from the 12v rail, but only a max of 5v..

Would that be a safe way to boost current from a 2nd power source intentionally using say 3 amps of current from the 12v rail but keeping it a constant 5v? (max supply of 100ma, eg a to power a USB device?).. it sounds like this method could be used to charge batteries? from any 12v source providing the current is there....

Thanks...