UNO R3 avrdude: stk500_getsync(): not in sync: resp=0x00

I purchased the UNO R3 board 2 weeks, installed drivers directly from Arduino's website, and am just trying the Blink code to make sure it works. When trying to upload, it blinks the RX LED three times on the board (so it seems to communicate), then it gives the "avrdude: stk500_getsync(): not in sync: resp=0x00" error. I have looked at many sites and forums and cannot find the answer. I have uninstalled the driver and reinstalled. I tried re-starting my computer, disconnecting/reconnecting my USB cord, even tried pressing the reset button on the board before uploading. It shows as ARDUINO UNO R3 (COM4) in my Device Manager, so I selected COM4 in the TOOLS/SERIAL PORT. The BOARD is also selected as ARDUINO UNO. I have "ARDUINO 1.0.1" software. The chip is ATMEL MEGA16U2. What am I missing?

I had the same issue and after a lot of searching and trying I resolved it.
Basically if the RX LED blinks 3 times it means that the ATMega8u2 on the board is sending the data. However, when I looked in the logic analyzer at it, the baudrate was incorrect. Further, when I downloaded a sketch using a programmer that used the serial, I could see that the ATMega328 was sending data properly. Therefore the issue is the serial software in the ATMega8u2. Note that this is a brand new device. It did enter to DFU mode but the serial part is damaged. To resolve this, you must :

  1. Use a programmer such as AVRISP mkii to download the combined dfu and serial firmare called
    UNO-dfu_and_usbserial_combined.hex

C:\Arduino\hardware\tools\avr\bin>avrdude -p atmega8u2
-F -P usb -c avrispmkii -U flash:w:UNO-dfu_and_usbserial_combined.hex -U lfuse:w
:0xFF:m -U hfuse:w:0xD9:m -U efuse:w:0xF4:m -U lock:w:0x0F:m -C "C:\avrdude.conf"

Note that it will work inf the hex file is in the folder of the avrdude.exe (the bin folder). Point to the right place for your avrdude.conf file.
If all is OK it will download successfully. Then remove the ICSP cable and let it boot up. If it needs drivers, use those in the Arduino folder. In my case, the device showed up as Communications Port COM5.

Because my chip is the ATMega328P with a different signature, I had to change the signature of the ATMEGA328P from
0x1e 0x95 0x14;
to
0x1e 0x95 0x0F;

This is in the ATmega328P section.

Then download the sketch as you would always do (select the Arduino UNO, then the right COM port).

hi,
i face priblem as after uploading arduino sketch i get this error

Binary sketch size: 3340 bytes (of a 32256 byte maximum)
avrdude: stk500_getsync(): not in sync: resp=0x00

what should i do?

This seems to be my problem also.
My info: System: Windows 2000, (also tried under Windows 7, same result)
Uno w/ ATmega328
Arduino-1.0.1

Two questions:

  1. I can see the drivers for Uno, how do I load these?

  2. where do I get the code (for download I assume) mentioned to re program the USB chip?

{okay, it is actually three questions}
3) How do I set the ID in the USB chip as mentioned in the answer?