What about an SD card? You could write your CSV file to the SD card on the pc and then insert it into an SD card adaptor attached to the Arduino. The Arduino can read & update the file. Later, you can transfer the SD card back to the pc and copy the file to the hd.
Do you have a web server? An Arduino with WiFi or Ethernet could request the data from the server. A PHP script on the server could respond to the request by reading the data from the hd and sending this back to the Arduino. Later, the Arduino could send another request to the server to save the updated values. A second PHP script would read the request and update the file on the hd.