Its standard for USB ports to use a chip to manage the power output from the port on a motherboard,
USB hub etc - it has the job of protecting the motherboard from over-current and ESD, and of course USB
connectors only fit one way so polarity reversal is impossible.
A USB device only has to avoid pushing back nasty voltages and spikes and draw sensible max currents
to play nicely - so I'm wondering what scenarios you have in mind that might need extra precautions?
Powering inductive loads comes to mind as a possible.