+1 for getting the radios to work by themselves using available examples. The example code in Robin2's simple rf24 tutorial is proven to work and is a great starting point.
Here are some tips that I found while getting my rf24 radios to work.
If you read and, closely, follow Robin2's simple rf24 tutorial you should be able to get them working. That tutorial sure helped me. The code in the examples has been proven to work many many times. If it does not work for you, there is likely a hardware problem.
Run the CheckConnection.ino (look in reply #30 in the tutorial) to verify the physical wiring between the radio module and its processor (Arduino). This is especially useful if all you see is “Data received” repeating much more quickly then there is a problem - most likely theArduino is not communicating properly with its nRF24.
Make sure the rf24 power supply can provide enough current. This is especially true for the high power (external antenna) modules. I use homemade adapters like these. They are powered by 5V and have a 3.3V regulator on the board. Robin2 also has suggested trying with a 2 AA cell battery pack.
If using the high powered radios make sure to separate them by a few meters. They may not work too close together. Try the lower power settings.
Reset the radios by cycling power to them after uploading new code. I have found that to help. They do not reset with the Arduino.
Sending too often can also cause a problem. Trying to send every time through a fast loop may not work. Slow down to 1 to 5 packets per second to test.
Switch to 1MB data rate to catch the not so cloned clones.
radio.setDataRate( RF24_1MBPS );
Also for some clones, change TMRh20's RF24.cpp line 44
_SPI.setClockDivider(SPI_CLOCK_DIV2);
Into
_SPI.setClockDivider(SPI_CLOCK_DIV4);
Have a look at the common problems page.