I think the easiest way to read large amounts of Arduino data on a PC is to have the Arduino write to a removable SD or Micro-SD card. You can then remove the card from the Arduino and insert it into an SD card reader on the PC.
For now, I just want to do that with two or three lines. Later, I'll do it with more storage maybe a SD card. Data is registered every 5 to 10 min. Basically it's just an id, a timestamp and a value.
The computer will be connected through the USB port of the board.
I don't want a file system. So I don't have to develop premises of an OS.
I want to be able to see files about those sensors, but I also want to be able to compile and reprogram the board.
Thank you for the response, and sorry if it's seems unclear