Using Arduino Uno instead of FTDI cable to program 1284p w/ Optiboot

... variable ‘atmega168_optiboot’ must be const in order to be put into read-only section ...

Try adding the word "const" before the hex images in the .h files. eg, change:

byte PROGMEM ATmegaBOOT_168_atmega1280_hex [] = {

to:

const byte PROGMEM ATmegaBOOT_168_atmega1280_hex [] = {