Will this voltage doubler works with DC input?

Yeah -sorry, looks like they're now obsolete (re: Mouser). DC DC switching regulators are now what's widely used - they cost more but are more efficient and provide higher output current. Just look for those that have step-up or boost capability. Here's just a few (based on specific search criteria) at Digi-Key, but there are many more.

EDIT: Needs extra components ... You'll basically end up with something that's costly and difficult to build. It's easier and cheaper to purchase pre-built, as suggested in reply #11.