Can I use another compiler instead of the sketch program like code::blocks and have it do all the heavy calculations on a laptop and use libraries to contact the arduino to tell it what to do whith the diffrent pins?
I believe Code::blocks will use any compiler you tell it to, or even a Makefile if you want, so it should be possible to use it to write your programs. To compile them and upload them you will need something similar to the Command Line options. If you are using Code::blocks on Windows then these will have to be adapted a bit and you will need to get various libraries. On Linux most of these libraries should be in your distro's repositories.
If you want to run most of your program on the PC and tell the arduino what to do you should be able to use the serial interface fairly easily. See here for details. There are common ways of using serial interfaces in both Linux and Windows which Google will find you.
Hi,
you can write code for the Arduino board to set digital and analog outputs and read digital and analog inputs and transfer these signals over the serial line to the laptop. Then you can do all the coding you want to doin any language on the laptop and tell the arduino what to do over the serial port.
Mike