Coding help for RFM69HCW, transmissions are being mixed up

calder1 · August 25, 2022, 1:39am

Hello,

I am sending sensor data (temperature and humidity) from one RFM69HCW to another RFM69HCW. I am a new to automation and have cobbled together code that somewhat works, but the temperature data is sometimes being received as humidity data, and I believe this is a programming error on the receiver end on my part.

Hardware: I’m using an AHT20 temp/humidity sensor connected to an Arduino Uno, connected to an RFM69HCW (Adafruit version). This RFM69HCW transmits a signal to an identical RFM69HCW which is connected to an ESP32 which then sends the data to the IOT website ‘Blynk’.

Issue: The temperature data is sometimes (not always) received as the humidity data. I am sending the temperature as a float with 4 bytes, and the humidity as an integer with 2 bytes. This is how I am separating them on the receiving end as temperature or humidity, based on how many bytes they are. I know in Arduino Uno an ‘int’ is 2 bytes, and in the ESP32 it is 4 bytes, but I believe it is still incoming as 2 bytes? - the program seems to label them as 2 and 4 bytes in the Serial Monitor.

This originally seemed the simplest way to send two different variables and separate them -per my novice experience. Any help is appreciated.

Tx Serial Monitor:

GH Temperature and Humidity
⸮
⸮⸮⸮⸮⸮Ʌ⸮⸮ɕ⸮and Humidity found
Feather RFM69 TX Test!

RFM69 radio init OK!
RFM69 radio @915 MHz
Temperature: 75.18 degrees F
Humidity: 50.13% rH
Sending Temp: 75.18        Sending Humidity: 50        Temperature: 75.28 degrees F
Humidity: 50.40% rH
Sending Temp: 75.28        Sending Humidity: 50        Temperature: 75.39 degrees F
Humidity: 50.69% rH
Sending Temp: 75.39        Sending Humidity: 51        Temperature: 75.51 degrees F
Humidity: 50.33% rH

Rx Serial Monitor:
Note: It seems like the temp is getting converted to 2 byte, getting into the past the ‘if (len ==2) statement, and then converted back to a float.

As you can see below, sometimes the real humidity (where it says 32 on Serial Monitor) does make it through. Before I added delays it used to say the correct humidity much more often, but every 4 or so entries it would still post the temp as the humidity.

Feather RFM69 RX Test!
RFM69 radio init OK!
RFM69 radio @915 MHz
.WiFi connected
test1 Receive failed
Test4 test1 Receive failed
Test4 test1 Receive failed
Test4 test1 Receive failed
Test4 test1 Receive failed
Test4 test1 test2 test3 Received Temp [4]: 76.15
RSSI: -31
    Test4 test1 test2 test3 Received humidity [2]: 76.00
RSSI: -31
    Test4 test1 test2 test3 Received Temp [4]: 76.14
RSSI: -32
    Test4 test1 test2 test3 Received humidity [2]: 76.00
RSSI: -31
    Test4 test1 Receive failed
Test4 test1 Receive failed
Test4 test1 Receive failed
Test4 test1 Receive failed
Test4 test1 test2 test3 Received humidity [2]: 32.00
RSSI: -31
    Test4 test1 test2 test3 Received Temp [4]: 76.13
RSSI: -30
    Test4 test1 test2 test3 Received humidity [2]: 76.00
RSSI: -30
    Test4 test1 test2 test3 Received Temp [4]: 76.11
RSSI: -30

Rx Serial Monitor w/ line : short transData2 = *((float *)buf);
Line in rx code replaces 'float transData2 = *((float *)buf);', converts transData2 to 2 byte integer.

Feather RFM69 RX Test!
RFM69 radio init OK!
RFM69 radio @915 MHz
.WiFi connected
test1 Receive failed
Test4 test1 Receive failed
Test4 test1 Receive failed
Test4 test1 Receive failed
Test4 test1 Receive failed
Test4 test1 Receive failed
Test4 test1 Receive failed
Test4 test1 test2 test3 Received humidity [2]: 0
RSSI: -44
    Test4 test1 test2 test3 Received Temp [4]: 75.04
RSSI: -37
    Test4 test1 test2 test3 Received humidity [2]: 75
RSSI: -39
    Test4 test1 test2 test3 Received Temp [4]: 75.03
RSSI: -39
    Test4 test1 test2 test3 Received humidity [2]: 75
RSSI: -35
    Test4 test1 test2 test3 Received humidity [2]: 32
RSSI: -38
    Test4 test1 test2 test3 Received Temp [4]: 74.96
RSSI: -38
    Test4 test1 test2 test3 Received humidity [2]: 74
RSSI: -38
    Test4 test1 test2 test3 Received Temp [4]: 74.94
RSSI: -35

TX Code:

// rf69 demo tx rx.pde
// -*- mode: C++ -*-
// Example sketch showing how to create a simple messageing client
// with the RH_RF69 class. RH_RF69 class does not provide for addressing or
// reliability, so you should only use RH_RF69  if you do not need the higher
// level messaging abilities.
// It is designed to work with the other example rf69_server.
// Demonstrates the use of AES encryption, setting the frequency and modem
// configuration

//Uses RADIOHEAD library and code


#include <SPI.h>
#include <RH_RF69.h>

//Sensor setup
#include <Adafruit_AHTX0.h>
Adafruit_AHTX0 aht;
int i = 0;


/************ Radio Setup ***************/

// Change to 434.0 or other frequency, must match RX's freq!
#define RF69_FREQ 915.0

//#if defined (Arduino Uno) //Arduino Uno input by Calder
#define RFM69_CS      4
#define RFM69_INT     3
#define RFM69_RST     2
#define LED           13


//#endif

// Singleton instance of the radio driver
RH_RF69 rf69(RFM69_CS, RFM69_INT);

int16_t packetnum = 0;  // packet counter, we increment per xmission

void setup()
{

  //Sensor Setup
  // pinMode(9, OUTPUT); //pins for LED and Noise Buzzer
  //pinMode(8, OUTPUT);

  Serial.begin(9600); // baude rate
  Serial.println("GH Temperature and Humidity");

  if (! aht.begin()) {
    Serial.println("Could not find AHT? Check wiring");
    while (1) delay(10);
  }
  Serial.println("GH Temperature and Humidity found");


  //Radio setup
  Serial.begin(9600);
  //while (!Serial) { delay(1); } // wait until serial console is open, remove if not tethered to computer

  pinMode(LED, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(RFM69_RST, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(RFM69_RST, LOW);

  Serial.println("Feather RFM69 TX Test!");
  Serial.println();

  // manual reset
  digitalWrite(RFM69_RST, HIGH);
  delay(10);
  digitalWrite(RFM69_RST, LOW);
  delay(10);

  if (!rf69.init())
  {
    Serial.println("RFM69 radio init failed");
    while (1);
  }
  Serial.println("RFM69 radio init OK!");
  // Defaults after init are 434.0MHz, modulation GFSK_Rb250Fd250, +13dbM (for low power module)
  // No encryption
  if (!rf69.setFrequency(RF69_FREQ))
  {
    Serial.println("setFrequency failed");
  }

  // If you are using a high power RF69 eg RFM69HW, you *must* set a Tx power with the
  // ishighpowermodule flag set like this:
  rf69.setTxPower(20, true);  // range from 14-20 for power, 2nd arg must be true for 69HCW
  //If RSSI on receiver is low, can lower the power to save energy

  // The encryption key has to be the same as the one in the server
  uint8_t key[] = { 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08,
                    0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08
                  };
  rf69.setEncryptionKey(key);

  pinMode(LED, OUTPUT);

  Serial.print("RFM69 radio @");  Serial.print((int)RF69_FREQ);  Serial.println(" MHz");
}



void loop()
{

  //Sensor
  sensors_event_t humidity, temp;
  aht.getEvent(&humidity, &temp);// populate temp and humidity objects with fresh data
  float t = temp.temperature * (9.0 / 5) + 32; //converting Celsius to Farenheit
  float h = humidity.relative_humidity;
  //Serial.print("Temperature: "); Serial.print(temp.temperature); Serial.println(" degrees C");
  Serial.print("Temperature: "); Serial.print(t); Serial.println(" degrees F");
  Serial.print("Humidity: "); Serial.print(humidity.relative_humidity); Serial.println("% rH");
  delay(2000);

  /*
    //Radio
    delay(2000);  // Wait 1 second between transmits, could also 'sleep' here!
    String tempString = String(t);  //converting temp float to string for radio transmission
    //char radiopacket[20] = "Hoop temp: " + tempString;   //radiopacket[20] means there are 20 characters available in the transmission
    char radiopacket[30] = "tempString"; //Char is character, has to have quotations
    itoa(packetnum++, radiopacket+13, 10);
    Serial.print("Sending first ");
    Serial.println(radiopacket);
  */

  //Temp
  float val = t; // a variable
  float* pVal = &val;          // a pointer to the variable
  float anotherVal = *pVal; // dereference the pointer to the first variable, and assign the value to a new variable. "anotherVal" now has the value 't'
  //*pVal = 2.718;   // "val" now has the value 2.718, but "anotherVal" still has the value 3.1412

  //Humidity
  float val2 = h; // a variable
  float* pVal2 = &val2;          // a pointer to the variable
  float anotherVal2 = *pVal2; // dereference the pointer to the first variable, and assign the value to a new variable. "anotherVal" now has the value 't'
  int int2 = round(anotherVal2);
  ////Serial.print(int2); //display rounded temperature
  ////Serial.print(" rounded      ");



  // Send a message!
  //rf69.send((uint8_t *)radiopacket, strlen(radiopacket));  //uint8_t is a byte type
  //////////rf69.send((uint8_t *)(&anotherVal, &int2), sizeof(anotherVal + int2));
  rf69.send((uint8_t *)(&anotherVal), sizeof(anotherVal)); //sending temp, sizeof is bytes
  Serial.print("Sending Temp: ");
  Serial.print(anotherVal);
  Serial.print("        ");
  rf69.waitPacketSent(); //waits for previous transmission to finish -CB
  delay (8000);

  //When have two sends, becomes 0.00 on other end, maybe b/c of buffering or something?
  rf69.send((uint8_t *)(&int2), sizeof(int2)); //sending humidity
  Serial.print("Sending Humidity: ");
  Serial.print(int2);
  Serial.print("        ");
  rf69.waitPacketSent(); //waits for previous transmission to finish -CB
  delay(2000);
}

RX Code:

/ rf69 demo tx rx.pde
// -*- mode: C++ -*-
// Example sketch showing how to create a simple messageing client
// with the RH_RF69 class. RH_RF69 class does not provide for addressing or
// reliability, so you should only use RH_RF69  if you do not need the higher
// level messaging abilities.
// It is designed to work with the other example rf69_server.
// Demonstrates the use of AES encryption, setting the frequency and modem
// configuration

//Uses RADIOHEAD library and code

#define BLYNK_TEMPLATE_ID "TMPLKcy5ZwCr"
#define BLYNK_DEVICE_NAME "ESP32"
#define BLYNK_AUTH_TOKEN "2CqomTcy2HZE3ML9HgPRn4B_mQqzdDtv"

#define DataDisplay  // Disable to display raw data received & errors of data length (added from other code)

#include <SPI.h>
#include <RH_RF69.h>
///////#include "RFM69X.h" //added from https://homeautomation.proboards.com/thread/600/wifi-rfm69-mqtt-network?page=1&scrollTo=4466

////////////SPIClass SPI1(VSPI); //from forum

#include <WiFi.h>
#include <WiFiClient.h>
#include <BlynkSimpleEsp32.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <SPI.h>

#include <Adafruit_AHTX0.h> //for alarm 
int i = 0; //for alarm

// You should get Auth Token in the Blynk App.
// Go to the Project Settings (nut icon).
char auth[] = "2CqomTcy2HZE3ML9HgPRn4B_mQqzdDtv";

// Your WiFi credentials.
// Set password to "" for open networks.
char ssid[] = "Prince";
char pass[] = "Pr1nc3H0us3!";

/*
  //LCD SETUP
  // include the library code:
  #include <LiquidCrystal.h>
  // initialize the library by associating any needed LCD interface pin
  // with the arduino pin number it is connected to
  const int rs = 34, en = 35, d4 = 26, d5 = 27, d6 = 14, d7 = 12;
  LiquidCrystal lcd(rs, en, d4, d5, d6, d7);
*/

/************ Radio Setup ***************/
// Change to 434.0 or other frequency, must match RX's freq!
#define RF69_FREQ 915.0
//#define FREQUENCY     RF69_915MHZ

//#if defined (Arduino Uno) //Arduino Uno input by Calder
#define RFM69_CS      5
#define RFM69_INT     15 //when switched to 13 got errors
#define RFM69_RST     2
#define LED           33 //when switched to 33 it fixed everything (was 18, earlier 12)

// Singleton instance of the radio driver
RH_RF69 rf69(RFM69_CS, RFM69_INT);

int16_t packetnum = 0;  // packet counter, we increment per xmission

void setup()
{

  Serial.begin(9600);
  //while (!Serial) { delay(1); } // wait until serial console is open, remove if not tethered to computer

  // commenting out b/c causing esptool errors
  //pinMode(22, OUTPUT); //pin for LED (working) (22 works) (17, 21 does not work)
  pinMode(22, OUTPUT); //pin for noise maker pin (can't be 21,17


  //LCD Setup
  // set up the LCD's number of columns and rows:
  ////////////////////lcd.begin(16, 2);


  //Serial.begin(115200);
  //while (!Serial) { delay(1); } // wait until serial console is open, remove if not tethered to computer

  pinMode(LED, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(RFM69_RST, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(RFM69_RST, LOW);

  Serial.println("Feather RFM69 RX Test!");

  // manual reset
  digitalWrite(RFM69_RST, HIGH);
  delay(10);
  digitalWrite(RFM69_RST, LOW);
  delay(10);

  if (!rf69.init())
  {
    Serial.println("RFM69 radio init failed");
    while (1);
  }
  Serial.println("RFM69 radio init OK!");

  // Defaults after init are 434.0MHz, modulation GFSK_Rb250Fd250, +13dbM (for low power module)
  // No encryption
  if (!rf69.setFrequency(RF69_FREQ)) {
    Serial.println("setFrequency failed");
  }

  // If you are using a high power RF69 eg RFM69HW, you *must* set a Tx power with the
  // ishighpowermodule flag set like this:
  rf69.setTxPower(20, true);  // range from 14-20 for power, 2nd arg must be true for 69HCW

  // The encryption key has to be the same as the one in the server
  uint8_t key[] = { 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08,
                    0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08
                  };
  rf69.setEncryptionKey(key);

  pinMode(LED, OUTPUT);

  Serial.print("RFM69 radio @");  Serial.print((int)RF69_FREQ);  Serial.println(" MHz");


  //Wifi code copy pasted
  WiFi.begin(ssid, pass);
  int wifi_ctr = 0;
  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(500);
    Serial.print(".");
  }

  Serial.println("WiFi connected");
  Blynk.begin(auth, ssid, pass);

}









void loop()
{

  //Alarm
  Serial.print ("test1 ");
  delay(10);

  //noTone(32); //no noise for buzzer if temp normal (removed b/c was resetting to void setup(), originally added b/c was not buzzer was not shutting off after loop

  if (rf69.available())
  {
    // Should be a message for us now
    Serial.print ("test2 ");
    uint8_t buf[RH_RF69_MAX_MESSAGE_LEN]; //Creates array using buf of the amount of units there are in the string
    //////////float receivedData[2] = {0}; //added new
    //////////uint8_t buflen = sizeof(receivedData); //added new
    uint8_t len = sizeof(buf); //len = length of string (or # of bytes of variable)
    delay(500);

    if (rf69.recv(buf, &len))
    {
      Serial.print ("test3 ");

      //////float hhtemp = *((float *)buf);
      //////float hhhumid = *((float *)buf);
      ///////// float transData = *((float *)buf); //data can be temp(4 length) or humidity(2 length)


      if (len == 4) { //if length is 3 or more (for temp) then:

        if (!len) return;
        {
          float transData1 = *((float *)buf);
          buf[len] = 0; // zero out remaining string, if don't may get a lot of weird symbols afterward
          Serial.print("Received Temp [");
          Serial.print(len); //length of message received
          Serial.print("]: ");
          Serial.println(transData1);
          Serial.print("RSSI: "); //RSSI is like the signal strength
          Serial.println(rf69.lastRssi(), DEC);
          Serial.print("    ");

          //Send temp data to Blynk website
          Blynk.run();
          delay(500);
          float val = transData1;
          Blynk.virtualWrite(V0, val);

          //Buzzer Temp Alarm Siren
          if (transData1 > 75) //If temp above 75 F, then buzzer siren goes off
          {
            for (i = 700; i < 800; i++)
            {
              tone(22, i); //buzzer pin
              //digitalWrite(0, HIGH); //LED pin(change to esp32 pin for buzzer)
              delay(15);
            }
            for (i = 800; i > 700; i--)
            {
              tone(22, i); //buzzer pin
              //digitalWrite(0, LOW); //LED pin (change to esp32 pin for buzzer)
              delay(15);
            }

          }
          delay(4000);
        }
      }
      /*
        //Print temp to LCD screen
        lcd.setCursor(0, 0); //set cursor to top of scrreen
        lcd.print("Your HH is ");
        lcd.setCursor(0, 1); //set cursor to bottom of screen
        lcd.print(hhtemp); //printing temp
        lcd.print(" F ");
      */

      //if (len == 2){  //just one '=' puts value of 2 into len

      else if (len == 2) //just one '=' puts value of 2 into len
      { 
        if (!len) return; 
        {
          float transData2 = *((float *)buf);
          buf[len] = 0;
          Serial.print("Received humidity [");
          Serial.print(len); //length of message received
          Serial.print("]: ");
          Serial.println(transData2);
          Serial.print("RSSI: "); //RSSI is like the signal strength
          Serial.println(rf69.lastRssi(), DEC);
          Serial.print("    ");

          //Send humidity data to Blynk website
          Blynk.run();
          delay(500);
          float val2 = transData2;
          Blynk.virtualWrite(V1, val2);

          //////////// int hhhumid = *((int *)buf);
          /////////////   Serial.print(hhhumid);
          ///////////////lcd.print(hhhumid);
          ////////////////lcd.print("% RH");

          delay(4000);
        }
      }

      delay(1000);
    }


  } else {

    Serial.println("Receive failed");
    delay(500);
    // set radio to use less power
    // it will wake up the next time send() or sendWithRetry() is called
    //rf69.sleep(); ///removing to test if doens't work on ESP32 (tried and made it so wouldn't receive anything)
  }

  Serial.print ("Test4 ");
}

Setup Diagram for the ESP32:
(ignore LED, and buzzer is now connected to gpio pin 22, not 32).

ESP32 Pin Diagram:

b707 · August 25, 2022, 8:43am

This code seems to be written for 8-bit mcu. It sends temperature as float and humidity as int.
The receiver distinguishes values by the size of the data - on an 8-bit controller, the float has a size of 4 bytes. and int is 2 bytes.
But you are using ESP32 where int and float are both 4 bytes, so the receiver can't see the difference and reads humidity as temperature.

To make the code work, it is enough to explicitly declare on the transceiver the humidity variable as an 16bit integer with a size of 2 bytes:

//Humidity
/*   === commented out by b707 as unnecessary. 
     Are you played with variables?
 
 //float val2 = h; // a variable
  //float* pVal2 = &val2;          // a pointer to the variable
  //float anotherVal2 = *pVal2; // dereference the pointer to the first variable, and assign the value to a new variable. "anotherVal" now has the value 't'
  //int int2 = round(anotherVal2);
*/
  int16_t int2 = h;   // why this variable is declared as signed?

  .......

  rf69.send((uint8_t *)(&int2), sizeof(int2)); //sending humidity
  Serial.print("Sending Humidity: ");

gfvalvo · August 25, 2022, 10:53am

Just put both temp and humidity values in a struct and send them both at the same time. They will then not be interpreted in the wrong order. If both values in are the same data type, you can also use an array.

Also, these gyrations with the pointers seem bizarre. What's the purpose?

calder1:

  //Temp
  float val = t; // a variable
  float* pVal = &val;          // a pointer to the variable
  float anotherVal = *pVal; // dereference the pointer to the first variable, and assign the value to a new variable. "anotherVal" now has the value 't'
  //*pVal = 2.718;   // "val" now has the value 2.718, but "anotherVal" still has the value 3.1412

  //Humidity
  float val2 = h; // a variable
  float* pVal2 = &val2;          // a pointer to the variable
  float anotherVal2 = *pVal2; // dereference the pointer to the first variable, and assign the value to a new variable. "anotherVal" now has the value 't'
  int int2 = round(anotherVal2);
  ////Serial.print(int2); //display rounded temperature
  ////Serial.print(" rounded      ");

calder1 · August 28, 2022, 1:07am

I'm new to arrays and structs but tried doing some research beforehand, the pointers and variable changes were from an error I had like a month ago, unfortunately I don't remember it too well. But when I look up arrays and structs for the RFM69 it seems that one has to do work with pointers.

Right now I've just done a deep dive on arrays and learned about pointers and dereferencing, and I get how they work, but I don't understand this one line in the RX code which I think holds the key, as I hope it can organize/separate my temperature and humidity values if I send them in an array together as floats.

float transData1 = *((float *)buf)

I understand that *(___) is saying that transData1 will equal the value at the location of what is inside the parentheses, but I don't understand the (float *)buf part. I know buf is an array that was created by the line below and houses the radio transmission: (per library RadioHead: RH_RF69 Class Reference)

 if (rf69.recv(buf, &len))

calder1 · August 28, 2022, 1:11am

Hi b707, unfortunately I tried that and it did not change things. I'm going to try an array for both temp and humidity as floats, just I'm stuck on separating the information on the receiver end right now.

cattledog · August 28, 2022, 3:52am

I hope it can organize/separate my temperature and humidity values if I send them in an array together as floats.
I'm stuck on separating the information on the receiver end right now.

The array will separate the values. Receive directly into the memory space of the array, don't use the generic buffer. This will give you the idea

For the Sender

 //declare the array
float sendSensorValue[2];

//get your values
sensors_event_t humidity, temp;
aht.getEvent(&humidity, &temp);// populate temp and humidity objects with fresh data
float t = temp.temperature * (9.0 / 5) + 32; //converting Celsius to Farenheit
float h = humidity.relative_humidity;

//fill array with values
sendSensorValue[0] = t;
sendSensorValue[1] = h;

//send the values
rf69.send((uint8_t*) &sendSensorValue, sizeof(sendSensorValue));

For the Receiver

//declare the  variables and the array
float t;
float h;
float receiveSensorValue[2];

//receive into the array

 if (rf69.recv((uint8_t*)(&receiveSensorValue), &buflen))
{
  //use the values
  t = receiveSensorValue[0];
  h = receiveSensorValue[1];
}

calder1 · September 3, 2022, 5:02pm

Thank you cattledog! It works how I want it to now! Also I appreciated your other posts, you came up on some of my RFM69 forum searches.

New code below:
TX:

// rf69 demo tx rx.pde
// -*- mode: C++ -*-
// Example sketch showing how to create a simple messageing client
// with the RH_RF69 class. RH_RF69 class does not provide for addressing or
// reliability, so you should only use RH_RF69  if you do not need the higher
// level messaging abilities.
// It is designed to work with the other example rf69_server.
// Demonstrates the use of AES encryption, setting the frequency and modem
// configuration

//Uses RADIOHEAD library and code for the RFM69HCW radio transmitter


#include <SPI.h>
#include <RH_RF69.h>

//Sensor setup
#include <Adafruit_AHTX0.h>
Adafruit_AHTX0 aht;
int i = 0;


/************ Radio Setup ***************/

// Change to 434.0 or other frequency, must match RX's freq!
#define RF69_FREQ 915.0

//#if defined (Arduino Uno) //Arduino Uno input by Calder
#define RFM69_CS      4
#define RFM69_INT     3
#define RFM69_RST     2
#define LED           13


//#endif

// Singleton instance of the radio driver
RH_RF69 rf69(RFM69_CS, RFM69_INT);

int16_t packetnum = 0;  // packet counter, we increment per xmission

//SHT Sensor Setup
//#include <Arduino.h>
//#include <Wire.h>

//left over from SHT sensor?
//bool enableHeater = false;
//uint8_t loopCnt = 0;

//Creating array for sensor data
float sensorArrayTX[2]; //declaring the array,leaving array blank

void setup()
{

  Serial.begin(9600); // baude rate
  Serial.println("GH Temperature and Humidity");
    
  //AHT Sensor code
  if (! aht.begin()) 
  {
    Serial.println("Could not find AHT? Check wiring");
    while (1) delay(10);
  }
  Serial.println("GH Temperature and Humidity found");
  

  //Radio setup
  Serial.begin(9600);
  //while (!Serial) { delay(1); } // wait until serial console is open, remove if not tethered to computer

  pinMode(LED, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(RFM69_RST, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(RFM69_RST, LOW);

  Serial.println("Feather RFM69 TX Test!");
  Serial.println();

  // manual reset
  digitalWrite(RFM69_RST, HIGH);
  delay(10);
  digitalWrite(RFM69_RST, LOW);
  delay(10);

  if (!rf69.init())
  {
    Serial.println("RFM69 radio init failed");
    while (1);
  }
  Serial.println("RFM69 radio init OK!");
  // Defaults after init are 434.0MHz, modulation GFSK_Rb250Fd250, +13dbM (for low power module)
  // No encryption
  if (!rf69.setFrequency(RF69_FREQ))
  {
    Serial.println("setFrequency failed");
  }

  // If you are using a high power RF69 eg RFM69HW, you *must* set a Tx power with the
  // ishighpowermodule flag set like this:
  rf69.setTxPower(20, true);  // range from 14-20 for power, 2nd arg must be true for 69HCW
  //If RSSI on receiver is low (-15 is lowest, -80 is highest), can lower the power to save energy

  // The encryption key has to be the same as the one in the server
  uint8_t key[] = { 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08,
                    0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08
                  };
  rf69.setEncryptionKey(key);


  Serial.print("RFM69 radio @");  Serial.print((int)RF69_FREQ);  Serial.println(" MHz");
  
}



void loop()
{

  //AHT Sensor
  sensors_event_t humidity, temp;
  aht.getEvent(&humidity, &temp);// populate temp and humidity objects with fresh data
  float t = temp.temperature * (9.0 / 5) + 32; //converting Celsius to Farenheit
  float h = humidity.relative_humidity;
  //Serial.print("Temperature: "); Serial.print(temp.temperature); Serial.println(" degrees C");
  Serial.print("Temperature: "); Serial.print(t); Serial.println(" degrees F");
  Serial.print("Humidity: "); Serial.print(h); Serial.println("% rH");
  delay(2000);

  //Adding sensor data to the sensor array
  sensorArrayTX[0] = t;
  sensorArrayTX[1] = h;

  // Send a message!
  rf69.send((uint8_t *)&sensorArrayTX, sizeof(sensorArrayTX)); //sending temp, sizeof is bytes
                    //(data type? *)(&anotherVal= data location)

  rf69.waitPacketSent(); //waits for previous transmission to finish -CB
  delay (2000);

 }

RX code:

// rf69 demo tx rx.pde
// -*- mode: C++ -*-
// Example sketch showing how to create a simple messageing client
// with the RH_RF69 class. RH_RF69 class does not provide for addressing or
// reliability, so you should only use RH_RF69  if you do not need the higher
// level messaging abilities.
// It is designed to work with the other example rf69_server.
// Demonstrates the use of AES encryption, setting the frequency and modem
// configuration

//Uses RADIOHEAD library and code for the RFM69HCW radio transmitter

//Blynk Device 
#define BLYNK_TEMPLATE_ID "*******"
#define BLYNK_DEVICE_NAME "***"
#define BLYNK_AUTH_TOKEN "*********"

#include <SPI.h>
#include <RH_RF69.h>

//Creating another set of 12C pins (SCL and SDA) for the 12C-LCD Screen
#define I2C_SDA 33
#define I2C_SCL 32

#include <WiFi.h>
#include <WiFiClient.h>
#include <BlynkSimpleEsp32.h>

//extra code?
//#include <Wire.h>
//#include <SPI.h>

#include <Adafruit_AHTX0.h> //for alarm 
int i = 0; //for alarm

// You should get Auth Token in the Blynk App.
// Go to the Project Settings (nut icon).
char auth[] = "*************";

// Your WiFi credentials.
// Set password to "" for open networks.
char ssid[] = "*******";
char pass[] = "********";

/*
  //LCD SETUP
  // include the library code:
  #include <LiquidCrystal.h>
  // initialize the library by associating any needed LCD interface pin
  // with the arduino pin number it is connected to
  const int rs = 34, en = 35, d4 = 26, d5 = 27, d6 = 14, d7 = 12;
  LiquidCrystal lcd(rs, en, d4, d5, d6, d7);
*/

/************ Radio Setup ***************/
// Change to 434.0 or other frequency, must match RX's freq!
#define RF69_FREQ 915.0
//#define FREQUENCY     RF69_915MHZ

//#if defined (Arduino Uno) //Arduino Uno input by Calder
#define RFM69_CS      5
#define RFM69_INT     15 //when switched to 13 got errors
#define RFM69_RST     2
#define LED           33 //when switched to 33 it fixed everything (was 18, earlier 12)

// Singleton instance of the radio driver
RH_RF69 rf69(RFM69_CS, RFM69_INT);

int16_t packetnum = 0;  // packet counter, we increment per xmission






void setup() //setup code, to run once
{

  Serial.begin(9600);
  //while (!Serial) { delay(1); } // wait until serial console is open, remove if not tethered to computer

  pinMode(22, OUTPUT); //pin for noise maker pin (can't be 21,17


  //LCD Setup
  // set up the LCD's number of columns and rows:
  ////////////////////lcd.begin(16, 2);


  pinMode(LED, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(RFM69_RST, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(RFM69_RST, LOW);

  Serial.println("Feather RFM69 RX Test!");

  // manual reset
  digitalWrite(RFM69_RST, HIGH);
  delay(10);
  digitalWrite(RFM69_RST, LOW);
  delay(10);

  if (!rf69.init())
  {
    Serial.println("RFM69 radio init failed");
    while (1);
  }
  Serial.println("RFM69 radio init OK!");

  // Defaults after init are 434.0MHz, modulation GFSK_Rb250Fd250, +13dbM (for low power module)
  // No encryption
  if (!rf69.setFrequency(RF69_FREQ)) {
    Serial.println("setFrequency failed");
  }

  // If you are using a high power RF69 eg RFM69HW, you *must* set a Tx power with the
  // ishighpowermodule flag set like this:
  rf69.setTxPower(20, true);  // range from 14-20 for power, 2nd arg must be true for 69HCW
  //If RSSI on receiver is low (-15 is lowest, -80 is highest), can lower the power to save energy


  // The encryption key has to be the same as the one in the server
  uint8_t key[] = { 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08,
                    0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08
                  };
  rf69.setEncryptionKey(key);

  pinMode(LED, OUTPUT);

  Serial.print("RFM69 radio @");  Serial.print((int)RF69_FREQ);  Serial.println(" MHz");


  //Wifi code 
  WiFi.begin(ssid, pass);
  int wifi_ctr = 0;
  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(500);
    Serial.print(".");
  }

  Serial.println("WiFi connected");
  Blynk.begin(auth, ssid, pass);

}









void loop()
{

  //Alarm
  Serial.print ("test1 ");
  delay(10);

  float t;
  float h;
  float sensorArrayRX[2];

  //noTone(32); //no noise for buzzer if temp normal (removed b/c was resetting to void setup(), originally added b/c was not buzzer was not shutting off after loop

  if (rf69.available()) //starts receiver and checks if a message is available, true if message is received
  {

    
    // Should be a message for us now
    Serial.print ("test2 ");
    uint8_t buf[RH_RF69_MAX_MESSAGE_LEN]; //Creates array called buf of the amount of units there are in the message, nothing put in it yet
    
    uint8_t len = sizeof(buf); //len = length of string (or # of bytes of variable)
    delay(500);
    

    if (rf69.recv((uint8_t*) &sensorArrayRX, &len)) //turns received on if not already on, if there is a message, copies it to buf, and returns true. 
                              //*len is set to the length
    {

      t = sensorArrayRX[0];
      h = sensorArrayRX[1];
      Serial.print ("The temp is: ");
      Serial.print (sensorArrayRX[0]);
      Serial.print ("      ");
      Serial.print ("The humidity is: ");
      Serial.print (sensorArrayRX[1]);

      Serial.print("RSSI: "); //RSSI is the radio signal strength
      Serial.println(rf69.lastRssi(), DEC);
      
      //Send temp data to Blynk website
          Blynk.run();
          delay(500);
          Blynk.virtualWrite(V0, t);
          Blynk.virtualWrite(V1, h);
          Blynk.virtualWrite(V2, rf69.lastRssi());
     
          //Buzzer Temp Alarm Siren
          if (t > 78) //If temp above 75 F, then buzzer siren goes off
          {
            for (i = 700; i < 800; i++)
            {
              tone(22, i); //buzzer pin
              //digitalWrite(0, HIGH); //LED pin(change to esp32 pin for buzzer)
              delay(15);
            }
            for (i = 800; i > 700; i--)
            {
              tone(22, i); //buzzer pin
              //digitalWrite(0, LOW); //LED pin (change to esp32 pin for buzzer)
              delay(15);
            }

          }
          delay(2000);
        }
      
      /*
        //Print temp to LCD screen
        lcd.setCursor(0, 0); //set cursor to top of scrreen
        lcd.print("Your HH is ");
        lcd.setCursor(0, 1); //set cursor to bottom of screen
        lcd.print(hhtemp); //printing temp
        lcd.print(" F ");
      */

  } else {

    Serial.println("Receive failed");
    delay(500);
    // set radio to use less power
    // it will wake up the next time send() or sendWithRetry() is called
    //rf69.sleep(); ///removing to test if doens't work on ESP32 (tried and made it so wouldn't receive anything)
  }

}

system · March 2, 2023, 5:02pm

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Coding help for RFM69HCW, transmissions are being mixed up

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