Component to detect flash from a camera flashgun?

Sounds like all you want to do is slave a flash to another flash. A simple Google of "slave flash circuit" should yield a dozen examples. Using an Arduino seems like extreme overkill. Would this be what you are looking to do?

There are plenty of simple basic circuits for a slave flash.

Ron

I don't think another flash is involved. In post #3 the OP said:

So I think he just needs the flash firing to trigger an interrupt on the Arduino. And the green LED circuit above should do that.

Yep and I missed that. Yes, in that case about any good photo diode should work.

Ron