Both switch_case examples(1&2), that comes with arduino IDE 1.8.5 wont compile ?
It sends out this error: collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Anyone who knows why?
Thanks
// Palle
Here's the code:
/*
Switch statement with serial input
Demonstrates the use of a switch statement. The switch statement allows you
to choose from among a set of discrete values of a variable. It's like a
series of if statements.
To see this sketch in action, open the Serial monitor and send any character.
The characters a, b, c, d, and e, will turn on LEDs. Any other character will
turn the LEDs off.
The circuit:
- five LEDs attached to digital pins 2 through 6 through 220 ohm resistors
created 1 Jul 2009
by Tom Igoe
This example code is in the public domain.
http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/SwitchCase2
*/
void setup() {
// initialize serial communication:
Serial.begin(9600);
// initialize the LED pins:
for (int thisPin = 2; thisPin < 7; thisPin++) {
pinMode(thisPin, OUTPUT);
}
}
void loop() {
// read the sensor:
if (Serial.available() > 0) {
int inByte = Serial.read();
// do something different depending on the character received.
// The switch statement expects single number values for each case; in this
// example, though, you're using single quotes to tell the controller to get
// the ASCII value for the character. For example 'a' = 97, 'b' = 98,
// and so forth:
switch (inByte) {
case 'a':
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
break;
case 'b':
digitalWrite(3, HIGH);
break;
case 'c':
digitalWrite(4, HIGH);
break;
case 'd':
digitalWrite(5, HIGH);
break;
case 'e':
digitalWrite(6, HIGH);
break;
default:
// turn all the LEDs off:
for (int thisPin = 2; thisPin < 7; thisPin++) {
digitalWrite(thisPin, LOW);
}
}
}
}
The IDE has a function to copy the code; edit -> copy for forum. Next past it in a reply like I did with your code
/*
Switch statement with serial input
Demonstrates the use of a switch statement. The switch statement allows you
to choose from among a set of discrete values of a variable. It’s like a
series of if statements.
To see this sketch in action, open the Serial monitor and send any character.
The characters a, b, c, d, and e, will turn on LEDs. Any other character will
turn the LEDs off.
The circuit:
five LEDs attached to digital pins 2 through 6 through 220 ohm resistors
created 1 Jul 2009
by Tom Igoe
This example code is in the public domain.
http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/SwitchCase2
*/
void setup() {
// initialize serial communication:
Serial.begin(9600);
// initialize the LED pins:
for (int thisPin = 2; thisPin < 7; thisPin++) {
pinMode(thisPin, OUTPUT);
}
}
void loop() {
// read the sensor:
if (Serial.available() > 0) {
int inByte = Serial.read();
// do something different depending on the character received.
// The switch statement expects single number values for each case; in this
// example, though, you’re using single quotes to tell the controller to get
// the ASCII value for the character. For example ‘a’ = 97, ‘b’ = 98,
// and so forth:
switch (inByte) {
case 'a':
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
break;
case 'b':
digitalWrite(3, HIGH);
break;
case 'c':
digitalWrite(4, HIGH);
break;
case 'd':
digitalWrite(5, HIGH);
break;
case 'e':
digitalWrite(6, HIGH);
break;
default:
// turn all the LEDs off:
for (int thisPin = 2; thisPin < 7; thisPin++) {
digitalWrite(thisPin, LOW);
}
}
}
}And it does compile on my system (though I don't have 1.8.5 installed any more).
When an error happens, the orange bar above the output pane has a button 'copy error messages'. Click it and post it here.
Thank you, i will keep that in mind, that there's a copy function in the IDE.
I just tried to compile it in the online IDE, and it compiled fine?
I have copied the complete errorcode:
Arduino: 1.8.5 (Windows 7), Board: "Arduino/Genuino Uno"
C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\arduino-builder -dump-prefs -logger=machine -hardware C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware -hardware C:\Users\Thorkild\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages -tools C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\tools-builder -tools C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\tools\avr -tools C:\Users\Thorkild\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages -built-in-libraries C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\libraries -libraries C:\Users\Thorkild\Documents\Arduino\libraries -fqbn=arduino:avr:uno -ide-version=10805 -build-path C:\Users\Thorkild\AppData\Local\Temp\arduino_build_913329 -warnings=none -build-cache C:\Users\Thorkild\AppData\Local\Temp\arduino_cache_674387 -prefs=build.warn_data_percentage=75 -prefs=runtime.tools.avrdude.path=C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\tools\avr -prefs=runtime.tools.avr-gcc.path=C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\tools\avr -prefs=runtime.tools.arduinoOTA.path=C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\tools\avr -verbose C:\Users\Thorkild\Documents\Arduino\switchCase2\switchCase2.ino
C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\arduino-builder -compile -logger=machine -hardware C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware -hardware C:\Users\Thorkild\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages -tools C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\tools-builder -tools C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\tools\avr -tools C:\Users\Thorkild\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages -built-in-libraries C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\libraries -libraries C:\Users\Thorkild\Documents\Arduino\libraries -fqbn=arduino:avr:uno -ide-version=10805 -build-path C:\Users\Thorkild\AppData\Local\Temp\arduino_build_913329 -warnings=none -build-cache C:\Users\Thorkild\AppData\Local\Temp\arduino_cache_674387 -prefs=build.warn_data_percentage=75 -prefs=runtime.tools.avrdude.path=C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\tools\avr -prefs=runtime.tools.avr-gcc.path=C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\tools\avr -prefs=runtime.tools.arduinoOTA.path=C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\tools\avr -verbose C:\Users\Thorkild\Documents\Arduino\switchCase2\switchCase2.ino
Using board 'uno' from platform in folder: C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\arduino\avr
Using core 'arduino' from platform in folder: C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\arduino\avr
Detecting libraries used...
"C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\tools\avr/bin/avr-g++" -c -g -Os -w -std=gnu++11 -fpermissive -fno-exceptions -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -fno-threadsafe-statics -flto -w -x c++ -E -CC -mmcu=atmega328p -DF_CPU=16000000L -DARDUINO=10805 -DARDUINO_AVR_UNO -DARDUINO_ARCH_AVR "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\arduino\avr\cores\arduino" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\arduino\avr\variants\standard" "C:\Users\Thorkild\AppData\Local\Temp\arduino_build_913329\sketch\switchCase2.ino.cpp" -o "nul"
Generating function prototypes...
"C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\tools\avr/bin/avr-g++" -c -g -Os -w -std=gnu++11 -fpermissive -fno-exceptions -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -fno-threadsafe-statics -flto -w -x c++ -E -CC -mmcu=atmega328p -DF_CPU=16000000L -DARDUINO=10805 -DARDUINO_AVR_UNO -DARDUINO_ARCH_AVR "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\arduino\avr\cores\arduino" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\arduino\avr\variants\standard" "C:\Users\Thorkild\AppData\Local\Temp\arduino_build_913329\sketch\switchCase2.ino.cpp" -o "C:\Users\Thorkild\AppData\Local\Temp\arduino_build_913329\preproc\ctags_target_for_gcc_minus_e.cpp"
"C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\tools-builder\ctags\5.8-arduino11/ctags" -u --language-force=c++ -f - --c++-kinds=svpf --fields=KSTtzns --line-directives "C:\Users\Thorkild\AppData\Local\Temp\arduino_build_913329\preproc\ctags_target_for_gcc_minus_e.cpp"
Compiling sketch...
"C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\tools\avr/bin/avr-g++" -c -g -Os -w -std=gnu++11 -fpermissive -fno-exceptions -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -fno-threadsafe-statics -MMD -flto -mmcu=atmega328p -DF_CPU=16000000L -DARDUINO=10805 -DARDUINO_AVR_UNO -DARDUINO_ARCH_AVR "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\arduino\avr\cores\arduino" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\arduino\avr\variants\standard" "C:\Users\Thorkild\AppData\Local\Temp\arduino_build_913329\sketch\switchCase2.ino.cpp" -o "C:\Users\Thorkild\AppData\Local\Temp\arduino_build_913329\sketch\switchCase2.ino.cpp.o"
Compiling libraries...
Compiling core...
Using precompiled core
Linking everything together...
"C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\tools\avr/bin/avr-gcc" -w -Os -g -flto -fuse-linker-plugin -Wl,--gc-sections -mmcu=atmega328p -o "C:\Users\Thorkild\AppData\Local\Temp\arduino_build_913329/switchCase2.ino.elf" "C:\Users\Thorkild\AppData\Local\Temp\arduino_build_913329\sketch\switchCase2.ino.cpp.o" "C:\Users\Thorkild\AppData\Local\Temp\arduino_build_913329/..\arduino_cache_674387\core\core_arduino_avr_uno_0c812875ac70eb4a9b385d8fb077f54c.a" "-LC:\Users\Thorkild\AppData\Local\Temp\arduino_build_913329" -lm
c:/program files (x86)/arduino/hardware/tools/avr/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/4.9.2/../../../../avr/lib/avr5/crtatmega328p.o:(.init9+0x0): undefined reference to `main'
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
exit status 1
Error compiling for board Arduino/Genuino Uno.
That's the relevant part of the message.
I'm not quite sure where you're main.cpp will be
If you ever upgraded the package, the one used should be in C:\Users\yourUsername\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\arduino\hardware\avr\x.y.z\cores\arduino; replace x.y.z by te version number that you find.
And there will always be one in; above however will override the below
C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\arduino\avr\cores\arduino
The files in both locations are the same; the content is
/*
main.cpp - Main loop for Arduino sketches
Copyright (c) 2005-2013 Arduino Team. All right reserved.
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
*/
#include <Arduino.h>
// Declared weak in Arduino.h to allow user redefinitions.
int atexit(void (* /*func*/ )()) { return 0; }
// Weak empty variant initialization function.
// May be redefined by variant files.
void initVariant() __attribute__((weak));
void initVariant() { }
void setupUSB() __attribute__((weak));
void setupUSB() { }
int main(void)
{
init();
initVariant();
#if defined(USBCON)
USBDevice.attach();
#endif
setup();
for (;;) {
loop();
if (serialEventRun) serialEventRun();
}
return 0;
}
You can save it as main.cpp in the relevant directories.
There might be more wrong; files don't suddenly disappear. If this ws a fresh install, just re-install.
Thank you very much for youre help.
i updated to 1.8.13, that seem to do the trick.
Word. That happens to everyone. Mebbe too often for some.
So good luck! Although you may find that luck don’t enter into much, thank goodness it all usually makes logical sense when you get to the bottom of an issue.
BTW your link doesn’t go somewhere interesting, did you mean to point us at a book or video or tutorial or what?
a7
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