All the previous questions I can find on this are very old, or just old and refer to discontinued products.
I use a pro-micro 32u4 avr to convert button presses to HID keyboard outputs. And for this particular project I want to convert that USB signal back to button presses (digital outputs).
So the device only has to read that one type of device, and it needs 15 digital outputs.
What (arduino IDE compatible) device will do the job?
Can I make a suggestion? Don't convert the button presses into HID keyboard outputs. Just convert them into button presses directly. This will be many times easier in every way.
don't know about the Teensy OTG Host functionality but ESP32S3 OTG keyboard Host works OK with Arduino IDE V2.3.4 and ESP32 core 3.3.4
e.g. using a ESP32-S3-DevKitC-1 running using EspUsbHost library File>Examples>EspUsbHost>EspUsbHostKeyboard
on entering text serial monitor displays
ESP32S3 OTG host keyboard test
1234567890!"#$%&'()=~^-
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
the ESP32-S3-DevKitC-1 has two USB type C connectors
USB-UART connection for programming/serial monitor
some ESP32S3 dev modules do not have two USB connectors
however, if ESP32S3 pins GPIOs 19 D- and 20 D+ are available they can be used for OTG host
e.g. using OTG Host cdc_acm_vcp_serial on a Heltec WiFi LoRa V3 to connect to a Quectel Mini PCIe EVB Kit (with Quectel EC21-E modem) via RS232