Hello,
I am working on solar panel station that can change the solar panel tilt angle during the day to collect the output power related to each tilt angle.
I am using actuator 12V 2A. , and controlling the actuator by two relays and Arduino for going up and down.
I am using different sensors to measure voltage, current, compass orientation, panel surface temperature as well as Nextion screen and HC-12 module to transmit the data.
I am powering the system with a Gel battery 150AH with MPPT battery charger controller. I am using two Lm2596 buck converters to supply 5V, one for Arduino and other accessories, and the other one for relay separately.
The problem is: When I turn on the actuator by relay, Arduino seems to be frozen that cannot control anything until I press the reset button, and then the system back on. I read several topics about decoupling and bypass capacitors that can solve the problem, but it did not work. I added two 10uF capacitors along the 5V and Gnd of Arduino. Gnd of the two buck converters are connected to be a common Gnd.
I will add a picture of the setup I am using to make it clear to the reader.
Here is the code I am using and thank you.
/*..........Nextion screen library..............*/
#include "EasyNextionLibrary.h" // Include EasyNextionLibrary
EasyNex myNex(Serial);
/*..........Reading panel temperature variables......*/
#define THERMISTORNOMINAL 10000 // temp. for nominal resistance (almost always 25 C)
#define TEMPERATURENOMINAL 25 // how many samples to take and average, more takes longer
#define NUMSAMPLES 5// The beta coefficient of the thermistor (usually 3000-4000)
#define BCOEFFICIENT -3950// the value of the 'other' resistor
#define SERIESRESISTOR 10000
int samples[NUMSAMPLES];
byte Temperature = 0;
/*...........Controlling actuator variables................*/
byte act_Up = 3;
byte act_Down = 2;
byte button_Up = 8;
byte button_Down = 9;
/*.........Voltage reading variables..................*/
float Volt;
float R1 = 30000.0;
float R2 = 7500.0;
int ReadingA1 = 0;
/*.........Current reading variables..................*/
double Vout = 0;
double Current = 0;
const double scale_factor = 0.066; // 30A
const double vRef = 5.00;
const double resConvert = 1024;
double resADC = vRef/resConvert;
double zeroPoint = vRef/2;
#define NUMSAMPLES_c 20
float samples_c[NUMSAMPLES_c];
/*............Compass sensor QMC5883 variables.............*/
#include <Wire.h>
#include <DFRobot_QMC5883.h>
DFRobot_QMC5883 compass;
int Orientation = 1;
/*............. HC-12 communication....................*/
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
SoftwareSerial HC12(10, 11); // HC-12 TX Pin, HC-12 RX Pin
int data[3] = {0, 0, 0};
unsigned long currentMillis = 0;
unsigned long previousMillis = 0;
const unsigned long Interval = 5000;
void setup() {
myNex.begin(9600);
Serial.begin(9600);
HC12.begin(9600);
while (!compass.begin())
{
Serial.println("Could not find a valid QMC5883 sensor, check wiring!");
delay(500);
}
if(compass.isHMC()){
Serial.println("Initialize HMC5883");
compass.setRange(HMC5883L_RANGE_1_3GA);
compass.setMeasurementMode(HMC5883L_CONTINOUS);
compass.setDataRate(HMC5883L_DATARATE_15HZ);
compass.setSamples(HMC5883L_SAMPLES_8);
}
else if(compass.isQMC()){
Serial.println("Initialize QMC5883");
compass.setRange(QMC5883_RANGE_2GA);
compass.setMeasurementMode(QMC5883_CONTINOUS);
compass.setDataRate(QMC5883_DATARATE_50HZ);
compass.setSamples(QMC5883_SAMPLES_8);
}
pinMode(button_Up,INPUT_PULLUP);
pinMode(button_Down,INPUT_PULLUP);
pinMode(act_Up,OUTPUT);
pinMode(act_Down,OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(act_Up,HIGH);
digitalWrite(act_Down,HIGH);
}
void loop() {
myNex.NextionListen();
Vector norm = compass.readNormalize();
// Calculate heading
float heading = atan2(norm.YAxis, norm.XAxis);
float declinationAngle = (3.0 + (43.0 / 60.0)) / (180 / PI); //for Jeddah 3.43E (positive)
heading += declinationAngle;
// Correct for heading < 0deg and heading > 360deg
if (heading < 0){
heading += 2 * PI;
}
if (heading > 2 * PI){
heading -= 2 * PI;
}
float headingDegrees = heading * 180/M_PI;
if (headingDegrees> 110 && headingDegrees <190){
Orientation = '1'; // 1 for south
}
else if (headingDegrees> 200 && headingDegrees <260){
Orientation = '2'; // 2 for West
}
else if (headingDegrees> 270 && headingDegrees <340){
Orientation = '3'; //3 for North
}
else {Orientation = '4';} //4 for East
ReadingA1 = analogRead(A0);
Volt = ReadingA1 * (5.0/1024)*((R1 + R2)/R2);
for (int i=0; i< NUMSAMPLES_c; i++) {
Vout = resADC * analogRead(A1);
Current = (zeroPoint - Vout)/ scale_factor;
samples_c[i] = Current;
delay(50);}
// average all the samples out
float average_c = 0.0;
for (int i=0; i< NUMSAMPLES_c; i++) {
average_c += samples_c[i];}
average_c /= NUMSAMPLES_c;
float calibratedCurrent = (1.1516*average_c)-0.0484;
Temperature = readTemp(2);
int power = Volt*average_c;
/*myNex.writeNum("n0.val", Temperature);
if(Orientation == 1){myNex.writeStr("t4.txt","S");}
else if (Orientation == 2){myNex.writeStr("t4.txt","W");}
else if (Orientation == 3){myNex.writeStr("t4.txt","N");}
else if (Orientation == 4){myNex.writeStr("t4.txt","E");}
myNex.writeNum("n1.val", power);
myNex.writeNum("j0.val", power);*/
currentMillis = millis();
if(currentMillis-previousMillis>Interval){
Serial.print("Volt: ");
Serial.println(Volt);
Serial.print("Current: ");
Serial.println(average_c);
Serial.print("Calibrated Current: ");
Serial.println(calibratedCurrent);
Serial.print("Temperature: ");
Serial.println(Temperature);
Serial.print("Compass degree: ");
Serial.println(headingDegrees);
for(int i=0;i++;i<3){
if(i == 0){data[i]=power;}
else if (i == 1){data[i]=Temperature;}
else if (i ==2){data[i]=Orientation;}
}
String dataString = "";
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
dataString += String(data[i]);
if (i < 2) {
dataString += ",";
}
}
HC12.println(dataString);
previousMillis = currentMillis;
}
if(digitalRead(button_Up)==LOW){
digitalWrite(act_Up,LOW);
}
else{digitalWrite(act_Up,HIGH);}
if(digitalRead(button_Down)==LOW){
digitalWrite(act_Down,LOW);
}
else{digitalWrite(act_Down,HIGH);}
}
float readTemp(int pin){
uint8_t i;
float average;
// take N samples in a row, with a slight delay
for (i=0; i< NUMSAMPLES; i++) {
samples[i] = analogRead(pin);
delay(10);}
// average all the samples out
average = 0;
for (i=0; i< NUMSAMPLES; i++) {
average += samples[i];}
average /= NUMSAMPLES;
// convert the value to resistance
average = 1023 / average - 1;
average = SERIESRESISTOR / average;
float steinhart = 0.0;
steinhart = average / THERMISTORNOMINAL; // (R/Ro)
steinhart = log(steinhart); // ln(R/Ro)
steinhart /= BCOEFFICIENT; // 1/B * ln(R/Ro)
steinhart += 1.0 / (TEMPERATURENOMINAL + 273.15); // + (1/To)
steinhart = 1.0 / steinhart; // Invert
steinhart -= 273.15; // convert absolute temp to C
return steinhart;
}
