Button: Use a pushbutton to control an LED.
Fade: Demonstrates the use of analog output to fade an LED.
Fading: Use an analog output (PWM pin) to fade an LED.
Analog In Out Serial: Read an analog input pin, map the result, and then use that data to dim or brighten an LED.
A pre-made microphone kit:
Look up "Arduino Color Organ " on the Internet.
You could start by reading the voltage from the wiper of a potentiometer (other ends to +5V and Gnd) to get brightness and color working (use the pot to to simulate a changing music level) and then work on reading the microphone output.
Start simple, understand how it works, then add functionality.