NFC R/W and Communication with smart phone [feasability]

If I understand correctly, what you want to do is

  1. User scan card on the reader(the card logger a.k.a Arduino)
  2. After 30min, smartphone reads the data in the logger?
  3. Sync the read data with a database

If so,

In (1), you can use NFC connected to Arduino to read the cards then, you can use bluetooth to transfer the data read, from the logger(Arduino) to a smartphone which completes point (2). I don't know about point (3) though.

Do you really need to read the data in the logger(Arduino) from a smartphone? If you can use a laptop, then there's no need of a bluetooth since Arduino can communicate with laptop through serial communication.