Hello everyone? How are you? I hope you are doing well, the reason for this post is to share some doubts that I have as a rookie, to try to make my project as functional and safe as possible.
It is related to my previous post, I was making a lot of progress in the hardware and wiring, and I had concerns about some things:
I always see that it refers to that all GNDs have to be tied together, but I ask: they always have to be tied between the same voltages, or when it is said all, are ALL? a voltage regulator and it gives me 5 v .. the masses of 5 and 12 should all be together in a common terminal block or be separated according to their value?
Then I have some "security" doubts, which for example are:
In the 12v and 5v line, place low value fuses as protection, my question is ... in the ground, should it also be a fuse or not? (I don't know if there could be a short circuit in some way, excuse me if the question is very silly or basic)
We move on to the relay part, I have a module with 4 optocoupled relays that are usually used in Arduino, I left the jumper that feeds jd-vcc in its place, since once the voltage regulator outputs 5v, that It feeds me EVERYTHING that has that voltage; I feed the arduino at 5v and gnd (not by usb or by the barrel jack) // to the servomotors, LCD screen, pushbuttons, potentiometer and relay terminal block, now the question is the following :
I read that if I took out the jumper and fed vcc that are "jumpered" that would give me greater security compared to how it is connected now, is that correct?
If the answer is YES, can I do something about it knowing how it is connected and where the power comes from?
and finally, the relays control r385 diaphragm pumps, which work by programming X amount of time ... but I would also like if you want, by means of a button, to make them work directly ... This would be easily achieved by placing the button between the cable that carries power to the pump and 12v, now my question is: Is this in any way risky for the relays, system or arduino itself? If possible, should I take some precaution, or safety measure?
If you reached the end of the post, thank you very much for reading!